Sensitive, selective and inexpensive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnostics are urgently needed for early diagnosis and monitoring of the HIV. We developed a novel label free liquid-ion gated field-effect transistor (FET)-type biosensor for HIV-1 gene detection with the development of p-type semiconducting nickel oxide (NiO) thin film. Initially, reproducible radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique was used for deposition of NiO nanoscale thin film on the glass substrate. Electrical measurements showed that NiO certainly provided a high carrier mobility (μ), superior subthreshold swing (SS) and high On/Off ratio in FET device. The pH sensing of NiO -FET device was evaluated and then HIV-1, 5′-amino-modified probe single strand DNA (ssDNA) was covalently immobilized on the surface of the NiO thin film. By integration of the advantages of the NiO and liquid-ion gated FET, an efficient DNA HIV biosensor has been achieved for sensitive detection of target HIV DNA at linear range 1.0 aM to 10.0 nM with a detection limit of 0.3 aM. The proposed biosensor exhibited good selectivity even against non-complementary and two-base mismatch sequences and was successfully applied to detect HIV DNA in human serum sample. This device has a promising potential application to monitor other biomarkers in biological fluids and clinical samples.

早期诊断和监测HIV迫切需要灵敏，选择性和廉价的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）诊断。通过开发p型半导体氧化镍（NiO）薄膜，我们开发了一种用于HIV-1基因检测的新型无标签液离子门控场效应晶体管（FET）型生物传感器。最初，可复制的射频（RF）磁控溅射技术用于在玻璃基板上沉积NiO纳米级薄膜。电学测量表明，NiO在FET器件中无疑提供了高载流子迁移率（μ），出色的亚阈值摆幅（SS）和高导通/截止比。评估了NiO -FET器件的pH感应，然后将HIV-1，5'-氨基修饰的探针单链DNA（ssDNA）共价固定在NiO薄膜的表面上。通过整合NiO和液离子门FET的优势，已经获得了一种有效的DNA HIV生物传感器，用于在1.0 aM至10.0 nM的线性范围内以0.3 aM的检测限灵敏地检测目标HIV DNA。所提出的生物传感器甚至对​​非互补和两碱基错配序列也显示出良好的选择性，并已成功地用于检测人血清样本中的HIV DNA。该设备在监测生物体液和临床样品中的其他生物标志物方面具有广阔的应用前景。所提出的生物传感器甚至对​​非互补和两碱基错配序列也显示出良好的选择性，并已成功地用于检测人血清样本中的HIV DNA。该设备在监测生物体液和临床样品中的其他生物标志物方面具有广阔的应用前景。所提出的生物传感器甚至对​​非互补和两碱基错配序列也显示出良好的选择性，并已成功地用于检测人血清样本中的HIV DNA。该设备在监测生物体液和临床样品中的其他生物标志物方面具有广阔的应用前景。