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A Randomized Trial of High-Flow Oxygen Therapy in Infants with Bronchiolitis.
The New England Journal of Medicine ( IF 96.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-22 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1714855
Donna Franklin 1 , Franz E Babl 1 , Luregn J Schlapbach 1 , Ed Oakley 1 , Simon Craig 1 , Jocelyn Neutze 1 , Jeremy Furyk 1 , John F Fraser 1 , Mark Jones 1 , Jennifer A Whitty 1 , Stuart R Dalziel 1 , Andreas Schibler 1
Affiliation  

背景:尽管高质量疗效证据有限,但经鼻导管高流量氧疗已被越来越多地用于毛细支气管炎患儿。重症监护病房(ICU)外使用经鼻导管高流量氧疗的疗效还不明确。


方法:在此项多中心、随机、对照试验中,我们将需要辅助氧疗的12月以下细支气管炎婴儿随机分配,分别接受高流量氧疗(高流量组)或标准氧疗(标准治疗组)。标准治疗组婴儿如果病情满足治疗失败标准,则可使用挽救性高流量氧疗。研究主要结果为治疗失败导致护理升级(定义为满足4项临床标准中的≥3项:持续心动过速、呼吸急促、低氧血症、医院早期预警工具触发医学审查)。次要结果为住院时长、氧疗时长、向三级医院的转院率、入住ICU、插管、不良事件。


结果:分析纳入1472名患者。高流量组护理升级百分比为12%(739名婴儿中87名),标准治疗组为23%(733名婴儿中167名)(风险差,-11个百分点,95%置信区间,-15%~-7%,P<0.001)。住院时长或氧疗时长没有显著差异。两组各有1例气胸(<1%的婴儿)。标准治疗组167名治疗失败的婴儿中,102名(61%)对高流量挽救治疗有应答。


结论:在ICU外接受治疗的细支气管炎婴儿中,接受高流量氧疗的患者与标准氧疗组相比,治疗失败导致的护理升级发生率显著较低(由澳大利亚国家健康与医学研究委员会[National Health and Medical Research Council]等资助;澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册号[Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number]为ACTRN12613000388718)。

Background

High-flow oxygen therapy through a nasal cannula has been increasingly used in infants with bronchiolitis, despite limited high-quality evidence of its efficacy. The efficacy of high-flow oxygen therapy through a nasal cannula in settings other than intensive care units (ICUs) is unclear.

Methods

In this multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned infants younger than 12 months of age who had bronchiolitis and a need for supplemental oxygen therapy to receive either high-flow oxygen therapy (high-flow group) or standard oxygen therapy (standard-therapy group). Infants in the standard-therapy group could receive rescue high-flow oxygen therapy if their condition met criteria for treatment failure. The primary outcome was escalation of care due to treatment failure (defined as meeting ≥3 of 4 clinical criteria: persistent tachycardia, tachypnea, hypoxemia, and medical review triggered by a hospital early-warning tool). Secondary outcomes included duration of hospital stay, duration of oxygen therapy, and rates of transfer to a tertiary hospital, ICU admission, intubation, and adverse events.

Results

The analyses included 1472 patients. The percentage of infants receiving escalation of care was 12% (87 of 739 infants) in the high-flow group, as compared with 23% (167 of 733) in the standard-therapy group (risk difference, −11 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, −15 to −7; P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the duration of hospital stay or the duration of oxygen therapy. In each group, one case of pneumothorax (<1% of infants) occurred. Among the 167 infants in the standard-therapy group who had treatment failure, 102 (61%) had a response to high-flow rescue therapy.

Conclusions

Among infants with bronchiolitis who were treated outside an ICU, those who received high-flow oxygen therapy had significantly lower rates of escalation of care due to treatment failure than those in the group that received standard oxygen therapy. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council and others; Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12613000388718.)



中文翻译:

毛细支气管炎婴儿高氧治疗的随机试验。

背景:。尽管高质量疗效证据有限,但经鼻导管高流量氧疗已被越来越多地用于毛细支气管炎患儿重症监护病房(ICU)外使用经鼻导管高流量氧疗的疗效还不明确。


方法:在该多中心,随机,对照试验中,我们将需要辅助氧疗的12个月以下细支气管炎婴儿随机分配,分别接受高流量氧疗(高流量组)或标准氧疗(标准治疗组) )。标准治疗组婴儿如果病情满足治疗失败标准,则可使用挽救挽救性高流量氧疗。研究的主要结果为治疗失败导致护理升级(定义为满足4项临床标准中的≥3项:持续心动过速,呼吸急促,低氧血症,医院早期预警工具触发医学检查)。次要结果为住院时长,氧疗时长,向三级医院的转院率,住院ICU,插管,不良事件。


结果:分析分为1472名患者。高流量组护理升级百分比为12%(739名婴儿中87名),标准治疗组为23%(733名婴儿中167名)(风险差,-11个因素,95 %置信区间,-15%〜-7%,P <0.001)。住院时长或氧疗时长没有显着差异。发生各有1例气胸(<1%的婴儿)。标准治疗组167名治疗失败的婴儿中,102名(61%)对高流量挽救救护治疗有应答。


结论:在ICU外接受治疗的细支气管炎婴儿中,接受高流量氧疗的患者与标准氧疗组分开,治疗失败导致的护理升级发生率显着降低(由美国人国家健康与医学研究委员会[国家健康与医学研究理事会(National Health and Medical Research Council)等资助;澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册号[澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册号]为ACTRN12613000388718)。

背景

尽管有有限的高质量证据表明,通过鼻插管进行高流量氧气治疗已被广泛用于患有毛细支气管炎的婴儿。在重症监护病房(ICU)以外的环境中,通过鼻插管进行高流量氧气治疗的疗效尚不清楚。

方法

在这项多中心,随机,对照试验中,我们将年龄小于12个月的毛细支气管炎且需要补充氧气治疗的婴儿接受高流量氧气治疗(高流量组)或标准氧气治疗(标准治疗)团体)。如果标准治疗组的病情符合治疗失败的标准,则可以接受急救高流量氧气治疗。主要结局是由于治疗失败而导致的护理升级(定义为满足4个临床标准中的≥3:持续性心动过速,呼吸急促,低氧血症和医院预警工具触发的医学检查)。次要结果包括住院时间,氧气治疗时间和转诊至三级医院的速度,ICU入院,插管和不良事件。

结果

分析包括1472名患者。高流量组婴儿接受护理升级的比例为12%(739婴儿中的87),而标准疗法组婴儿接受护理升级的比例为23%(733婴儿中的167)(风险差异,-11个百分点; 95) %置信区间,-15至-7; P <0.001)。住院时间或氧疗时间无明显差异。在每组中,发生了1例气胸(<1%的婴儿)。在标准治疗组的167名治疗失败的婴儿中,有102名(61%)对高流量抢救疗法有反应。

结论

在ICU以外接受治疗的毛细支气管炎婴儿中,接受高流量氧气治疗的婴儿由于治疗失败而导致的护理升级率明显低于接受标准氧气治疗的婴儿。(由国家卫生和医学研究委员会及其他机构资助;澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册号为ACTRN12613000388718。)

更新日期:2018-03-21
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