Acrylamide (AA) occurs in many cooked carbohydrate-rich foods and has caused widespread concern as a possible carcinogen. Glycidamide (GA) is the ultimate genotoxic metabolite of AA. The present study was to investigate the protective effect of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) against AA- and GA-induced reproductive toxicity in R2C Leydig cells. The results demonstrated that C3G inhibited AA- and GA-induced cytotoxicity and mitochondria-mediated cell apoptosis, the effective doses of C3G were ranging from 10 to 50 μM. Besides, AA (1.925 mM) and GA (0.872 mM) exposure increased ROS level and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, which led to a decrease in progesterone production, while C3G ranging from 10 to 50 μM reduced ROS immediately, and increased progesterone production after 24 h treatment. Furthermore, C3G up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 protein and down-regulated pro-apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 after 24 h treatment in 1.925 mM AA- and 0.872 mM GA-treated R2C cells. Moreover, C3G intervention increased the protein expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR). It was concluded that C3G is effective in reducing AA- and GA-induced reproductive toxicity via inhibition of ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and apoptosis, as well as activating steroidogenic enzymes.

丙烯酰胺（AA）出现在许多煮熟的富含碳水化合物的食物中，并引起广泛关注，可能是一种致癌物。糖苷酰胺（GA）是AA的最终遗传毒性代谢产物。本研究旨在探讨Cyanidin-3- O的保护作用-葡萄糖苷（C3G）对抗R2C Leydig细胞中AA和GA引起的生殖毒性。结果表明，C3G抑制AA和GA诱导的细胞毒性和线粒体介导的细胞凋亡，C3G的有效剂量为10至50μM。此外，AA（1.925 mM）和GA（0.872 mM）暴露会增加ROS水平并降低线粒体膜电位，从而导致孕酮生成减少，而C3G范围从10至50μM会立即降低ROS，并在24小时后增加孕酮生成h治疗。此外，在1.925 mM AA和0.872 mM GA处理的R2C细胞中，在处理24小时后，C3G上调了Bcl-2蛋白的表达，并下调了促凋亡蛋白Bax和裂解的Caspase-3。此外，C3G干预增加了类固醇生成的急性调节蛋白（StAR）的蛋白质表达。