The increasing nuclear energy consumption has posed serious environmental concerns (e.g. nuclear leakage), and the removal of radionuclides such as cesium becomes an urgent issue to be solved currently. In this research, a novel non-toxic adsorbent lithium-modified montmorillonite clay encapsulated in calcium alginate microbeads (MCA/Li) was fabricated by using ion-exchange method and then used successfully in the remediation of cesium-contaminated wastewater. Analyses of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of adsorbent MCA/Li, such as internal crystal structure, constituent elements, and functional groups. The effects of concentration ratios (sodium alginate/montmorillonite), solution pH, contacting time and initial Cs⁺ concentration on the adsorption behavior were carefully investigated via batch adsorption experiments. The adsorbent MCA/Li exhibited higher selectivity and removal efficiency towards Cs⁺ with the maximum adsorption capacity of 100.25 mg/g. In the kinetics study, the pseudo-first-order fitted the cesium adsorption data of MCA/Li better than the pseudo-second-order. The adsorption mechanism studies revealed the process followed the Langmuir isotherm model, which suggested that Cs⁺ adsorption onto MCA/Li is a monolayer homogeneous adsorption process. The research findings indicated this novel adsorbent MCA/Li demonstrated great potential in radioactive wastewater treatment due to its convenience in synthesis, high adsorption capacity, and low cost.

不断增长的核能消耗已引起严重的环境问题（例如核泄漏），而诸如铯之类的放射性核素的去除已成为当前亟待解决的问题。本研究利用离子交换法制备了一种新型的无毒吸附剂锂改性蒙脱土包裹在藻酸钙微珠（MCA / Li）中，并成功地用于治理铯污染的废水中。扫描电子显微镜，X射线衍射，傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱的分析被用来表征MCA / Li吸附剂的物理化学特性，例如内部晶体结构，组成元素和官能团。浓度比（海藻酸钠/蒙脱土），溶液pH值，通过分批吸附实验仔细研究了⁺浓度对吸附行为的影响。MCA / Li吸附剂表现出更高的选择性和对Cs ^+的去除效率，最大吸附容量为100.25 mg / g。在动力学研究中，拟一阶比拟二阶更适合MCA / Li的铯吸附数据。吸附机理研究表明，该过程遵循Langmuir等温模型，这表明Cs ⁺吸附到MCA / Li上是单层均匀吸附过程。研究发现表明，这种新型吸附剂MCA / Li具有合成方便，吸附能力强，成本低等优点，在放射性废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。