NASA's Black Marble nighttime lights product suite (VNP46) is available at 500m resolution since January 2012 with data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Platform (SNPP). The retrieval algorithm, developed and implemented for routine global processing at NASA's Land Science Investigator-led Processing System (SIPS), utilizes all high-quality, cloud-free, atmospheric-, terrain-, vegetation-, snow-, lunar-, and stray light-corrected radiances to estimate daily nighttime lights (NTL) and other intrinsic surface optical properties. Key algorithm enhancements include: (1) lunar irradiance modeling to resolve non-linear changes in phase and libration; (2) vector radiative transfer and lunar bidirectional surface anisotropic reflectance modeling to correct for atmospheric and BRDF effects; (3) geometric- optical and canopy radiative transfer modeling to account for seasonal variations in NTL; and (4) temporal gap-filling to reduce persistent data gaps. Extensive benchmark tests at representative spatial and temporal scales were conducted on the VNP46 time series record to characterize the uncertainties stemming from upstream data sources. Initial validation results are presented together with example case studies illustrating the scientific utility of the products. This includes an evaluation of temporal patterns of NTL dynamics associated with urbanization, socioeconomic variability, cultural characteristics, and displaced populations affected by conflict. Current and planned activities under the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Human Planet Initiative are aimed at evaluating the products at different geographic locations and time periods representing the full range of retrieval conditions.

中文翻译：

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NASA 的黑色大理石夜灯产品套件

NASA 的黑色大理石夜间照明产品套件 (VNP46) 自 2012 年 1 月起以 500m 的分辨率提供，其数据来自 Suomi 国家极地轨道平台 (SNPP) 上的可见红外成像辐射计套件 (VIIRS) 日/夜波段 (DNB)。该检索算法是为 NASA 的土地科学调查员主导处理系统 (SIPS) 的常规全球处理而开发和实施的，利用所有高质量、无云、大气、地形、植被、雪、月球和杂散光校正辐射以估计每日夜间光 (NTL) 和其他固有的表面光学特性。主要算法改进包括： (1) 月球辐照度建模，以解决相位和振动的非线性变化；(2) 矢量辐射传输和月球双向表面各向异性反射建模，以校正大气和 BRDF 效应；(3) 几何光学和冠层辐射传输建模，以解释 NTL 的季节性变化；(4) 时间间隙填充以减少持久数据间隙。对 VNP46 时间序列记录进行了具有代表性的空间和时间尺度的广泛基准测试，以表征源自上游数据源的不确定性。初步验证结果与说明产品科学效用的示例案例研究一起呈现。这包括评估与城市化、社会经济变异、文化特征和受冲突影响的流离失所人口相关的 NTL 动态的时间模式。