Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous contaminants that can be found both in outdoor and indoor air, posing risks to human health and the ecosystems. The treatment of air contaminated with VOCs in low concentrations can be effectively performed using biofiltration, especially when VOCs are hydrophilic. However, the performance of biofilters inoculated with bacteria has been found to be low with sparsely water soluble molecules when compared to biofilters where fungi develop. Using conceptual and mathematical models, this review presents an overview of the physical, chemical and biological mechanisms that explain the differences in the performance of fungal and bacterial biofilters. Moreover, future research needs are proposed, with an emphasis on integrated models describing the biological and chemical reactions with the mass transfer using high-resolution descriptions of the packing material.

挥发性有机化合物（VOC）是普遍存在的污染物，可在室外和室内空气中发现，对人体健康和生态系统构成风险。使用生物过滤可以有效地处理低浓度挥发性有机化合物污染的空气，特别是当挥发性有机化合物是亲水性的时。但是，与细菌生长的生物过滤器相比，稀疏水溶性分子接种了细菌的生物过滤器的性能低下。本文使用概念模型和数学模型对物理，化学和生物学机制进行了概述，这些机制解释了真菌和细菌生物滤池性能的差异。此外，提出了未来的研究需求，