Zirconium phosphate, a typical metal phosphate material, is characteristic in the design of structures and active sites, which has received widespread attention as solid acid catalysts in biomass conversion. In this work, the acid-modified zirconium phosphate catalyst was synthesized and characterized by the methods of XRD, TGA, FT-IR, NH₃-TPD, pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR, SEM, TEM and ³¹P MAS NMR. Subsequently, the as-obtained material has been employed for the dehydration of sorbitol and fructose, which can be converted into isosorbide (ca. 73.6% selectivity) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (ca. 73.4% selectivity), respectively under optimal reaction conditions. It was found that the modification of oleum enhanced both the amounts and strength of Brönsted and Lewis acidic sites, and also improved the dispersity by “exfoliating” zirconium phosphate, resulting in the formation of very thin nanosheets instead of original amorphous structure and thus exposing more active sites for catalytic reaction. These effects were favorable for improving the catalytic dehydration activity and selectivity of sorbitol and fructose significantly. Meantime, the acidic sites of the acid-modified zirconium phosphate catalyst is highly leaching-resistant in dehydration reaction and the catalyst can be recycled up to five times without any considerable loss of activity.

磷酸锆是一种典型的金属磷酸盐材料，在结构和活性位点的设计中具有特征性，作为生物质转化中的固体酸催化剂已受到广泛关注。在这项工作中，通过XRD，TGA，FT-IR，NH ₃ -TPD，吡啶吸附的FT-IR，SEM，TEM和³¹ P MAS NMR的方法合成并表征了酸改性的磷酸锆催化剂。随后，将所得材料用于山梨糖醇和果糖的脱水，可将其转化为异山梨醇（选择性约为73.6％）和5-羟甲基糠醛（碳酸氢甲酯）。在最佳反应条件下，选择性分别为73.4％）。发现发烟硫酸的改性增强了布朗斯台德和路易斯酸性位点的数量和强度，并且通过“剥落”磷酸锆提高了分散性，从而形成了非常薄的纳米片，而不是原始的无定形结构，从而暴露出更多的纳米片。催化反应的活性位点。这些效果有利于显着提高山梨糖醇和果糖的催化脱水活性和选择性。同时，酸改性的磷酸锆锆催化剂的酸性位点在脱水反应中具有高度的耐沥滤性，并且该催化剂可以循环使用多达五次，而活性没有任何明显的损失。