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Characterization of murine antibody responses to vaccinia virus envelope protein A14 reveals an immunodominant antigen lacking of effective neutralization targets.
Virology ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.005
Xiangzhi Meng 1 , Thomas Kaever 2 , Bo Yan 1 , Paula Traktman 3 , Dirk M Zajonc 4 , Bjoern Peters 2 , Shane Crotty 5 , Yan Xiang 1
Affiliation  

Vaccinia virus (VACV) A14 is a major envelope protein and a dominant antibody target in the smallpox vaccine. However, the role of anti-A14 antibodies in immunity against orthopoxviruses is unclear. Here, we characterized 22 A14 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) from two mice immunized with VACV. Epitope mapping showed that 21 mAbs targeted the C-terminal hydrophilic region, while one mAb recognized the middle region predicted to be across the viral envelope from the C-terminus. However, none of the mAbs bound to virions in studies with electron microscopy. Interestingly, some mAbs showed low VACV neutralization activities in the presence of complement and provided protection to SCID mice challenged with VACV ACAM2000. Our data showed that, although A14 is an immunodominant antigen in smallpox vaccine, its B cell epitopes are either enclosed within the virions or are inaccessible on virion surface. Anti-A14 antibodies, however, could contribute to protection against VACV through a complement-dependent pathway.

中文翻译:


鼠抗体对痘苗病毒包膜蛋白 A14 反应的表征揭示了缺乏有效中和靶点的免疫显性抗原。



痘苗病毒 (VACV) A14 是天花疫苗中的主要包膜蛋白和主要抗体靶标。然而,抗 A14 抗体在对抗正痘病毒免疫中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们对来自两只接种 VACV 的小鼠的 22 种 A14 单克隆抗体 (mAb) 进行了表征。表位作图显示,21 种 mAb 靶向 C 末端亲水区域,而一种 mAb 识别预计从 C 末端穿过病毒包膜的中间区域。然而,在电子显微镜研究中,没有一种单克隆抗体与病毒粒子结合。有趣的是,一些 mAb 在补体存在下表现出较低的 VACV 中和活性,并为接受 VACV ACAM2000 攻击的 SCID 小鼠提供保护。我们的数据表明,尽管 A14 是天花疫苗中的免疫显性抗原,但其 B 细胞表位要么被封闭在病毒颗粒内,要么在病毒颗粒表面难以接近。然而,抗 A14 抗体可能通过补体依赖性途径有助于预防 VACV。
更新日期:2018-03-17
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