Abstract In this study, two densely-packed concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collector configurations are optically and thermodynamically designed and analyzed and then exergoeconomically and environmentally assessed and compared. The designs are composed of parabolic dish concentrators, multi-junction photovoltaic (MJPV) cells, segmented thermoelectric generator (sTEG) couples with interconnectors, and finned minichannel heat extractors (mHXs). In configuration I, the receiver assembly components are connected thermally in-series whereas in configuration II they are connected thermally in-parallel. Geometric relations are employed to size the concentrator with design evaluations taking place with the aid of ray trace simulations. To better homogenize the reflected flux, the receiver is slightly shifted from the effective focal plane of the concentrator. Optical analysis reveals that the dish reflector is very sensitive to incidence angle deviations. It is found that the thermally in-series configuration offers an average annual exergy efficiency of 29.1% compared to 19.3% for the thermally in-parallel configuration. Both configurations offer comparable average annual energy efficiencies with a slight environmental and exergoeconomic advantage towards the thermally in-parallel configuration. The thermally in-series configuration is shown to provide a higher economic and thermodynamic value when electrical output is given preference over thermal output. The thermally in-parallel configuration, on the other hand, is favored in applications where thermal energy streams at multiple outlet temperatures are simultaneously desired, including a high-temperature thermal output. From an environmental viewpoint, both configurations are found capable of displacing a considerable amount of primary energy and CO2-equivalent emissions. While from an exergoeconomic viewpoint, for a system lifetime of 25 years, it is shown that the investment cost needs to be brought to approximately 21,000 AED for the proposed CPVT units to yield a positive lifecycle net present value (LCNPV). The annual escalation rate of electricity is observed to have a significant effect on the LCNPV of the collectors. Both environmental and exergoeconomic performance indices are shown to be sensitive to the thermal energy application meant for the CPVT collectors. Exergy analysis reveals that a drop in electrical exergy is offset by a rise in thermal exergy when higher system operation temperatures are used. The performance of both designs is simulated and compared on a monthly basis using weather data of Abu Dhabi, UAE.

中文翻译：

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热串联和并联接收器配置中密集堆积的聚光光伏热 (CPVT) 太阳能集热器的比较热力学分析

摘要 在这项研究中，对两种密集堆积的聚光光伏热 (CPVT) 太阳能集热器配置进行了光学和热力学设计和分析，然后对经济和环境进行了评估和比较。这些设计由抛物面碟形聚光器、多结光伏 (MJPV) 电池、带互连器的分段热电发电机 (sTEG) 耦合和带翅片的微通道热提取器 (mHX) 组成。在配置 I 中，接收器组件组件热串联连接，而在配置 II 中，它们热并联连接。采用几何关系来确定集中器的尺寸，并在光线跟踪模拟的帮助下进行设计评估。为了更好地均匀化反射通量，接收器稍微偏离聚光器的有效焦平面。光学分析表明，碟形反射器对入射角偏差非常敏感。发现与热并联配置的 19.3% 相比，热串联配置提供了 29.1% 的年平均火用效率。两种配置都提供可比的平均年能源效率，并且相对于热并联配置具有轻微的环境和热能经济优势。当电输出优先于热输出时，热串联配置显示出更高的经济和热力学价值。另一方面，热并联配置，在需要同时具有多个出口温度的热能流（包括高温热输出）的应用中受到青睐。从环境的角度来看，发现这两种配置都能够替代大量的一次能源和二氧化碳当量排放。而从效益经济学的角度来看，对于 25 年的系统寿命，表明建议的 CPVT 装置的投资成本需要达到约 21,000 AED，才能产生正的生命周期净现值 (LCNPV)。观察到电力的年递增率对集热器的 LCNPV 有显着影响。环境和 exergoeconomic 性能指数都显示出对 CPVT 集热器的热能应用很敏感。火用分析表明，当使用较高的系统操作温度时，电火用的下降会被热火用的上升所抵消。使用阿联酋阿布扎比的天气数据，每月对两种设计的性能进行模拟和比较。