Atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters with ultrasmall physical sizes in the subnanometer range have emerged as a new class of probing fluorophores and have attracted considerable research interest because of their intrinsic physical, chemical, optical, biological, and electrical properties, such as stability, biocompatibility, and molecule-like photoluminescence. In comparison with traditional fluorophores such as organic dyes and quantum dots, noble metal nanoclusters have significant advantages, including low toxicity toward the environment and biological tissues, high stability when exposed to irradiation, and small size, that make them more suitable for biological sensing or biological labeling applications. Several reviews have summarized the fabrication of noble metal nanoclusters, including gold, silver, copper, and bimetallic nanoclusters. However, these reviews focused either on various facile preparation methods or multidisciplinary application areas. Here, we focus on the application of noble metal nanoclusters as optical sensing materials for toxic metal ions, including new synthetic approaches and discussion of the detection mechanism. We briefly summarize the development of metal cation monitoring technology that uses ultrasmall nanoclusters as the sensing probes. We also provide a fresh opinion on research expectations in the field of inorganic nanoscience and nanotechnology Finally, perspectives for future research hot topics are discussed.

具有亚纳米级超小物理尺寸的原子精确的贵金属纳米簇已成为一类新型的探测荧光团，并因其固有的物理，化学，光学，生物学和电学性质（例如稳定性，生物相容性，和分子状的光致发光。与传统的荧光团（例如有机染料和量子点）相比，贵金属纳米团簇具有显着的优势，包括对环境和生物组织的毒性低，暴露于辐射下的稳定性高以及体积小，使其更适合于生物传感或生物传感。生物标记应用。一些评论总结了贵金属纳米簇的制造，包括金，银，铜，和双金属纳米团簇。然而，这些评论集中于各种简便的制备方法或多学科的应用领域。在这里，我们重点研究贵金属纳米簇作为有毒金属离子的光学传感材料的应用，包括新的合成方法和检测机理的讨论。我们简要总结了使用超小型纳米团簇作为传感探针的金属阳离子监测技术的发展。我们还对无机纳米科学和纳米技术领域的研究期望提供了新的见解。最后，讨论了未来研究热点的观点。我们重点研究贵金属纳米簇作为有毒金属离子的光学传感材料的应用，包括新的合成方法和检测机制的讨论。我们简要总结了使用超小型纳米团簇作为传感探针的金属阳离子监测技术的发展。我们还对无机纳米科学和纳米技术领域的研究期望提供了新的见解。最后，讨论了未来研究热点的观点。我们重点研究贵金属纳米簇作为有毒金属离子的光学传感材料的应用，包括新的合成方法和检测机制的讨论。我们简要总结了使用超小型纳米团簇作为传感探针的金属阳离子监测技术的发展。我们还对无机纳米科学和纳米技术领域的研究期望提供了新的见解。最后，讨论了未来研究热点的观点。