Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a pain condition that usually affects a single limb, often following an injury. The underlying pathophysiology seems to be complex and probably varies between patients. Clinical diagnosis is based on internationally agreed-upon criteria, which consider the reported symptoms, presence of signs and exclusion of alternative causes. Research into CRPS biomarkers to support patient stratification and improve diagnostic certainty is an important scientific focus, and recent progress in this area provides an opportunity for an up-to-date topical review of measurable disease-predictive, diagnostic and prognostic parameters. Clinical and biochemical attributes of CRPS that may aid diagnosis and determination of appropriate treatment are delineated. Findings that predict the development of CRPS and support the diagnosis include trauma-related factors, neurocognitive peculiarities, psychological markers, and local and systemic changes that indicate activation of the immune system. Analysis of signatures of non-coding microRNAs that could predict the treatment response represents a new line of research. Results from the past 5 years of CRPS research indicate that a single marker for CRPS will probably never be found; however, a range of biomarkers might assist in clinical diagnosis and guide prognosis and treatment.

复杂区域性疼痛综合征（CRPS）是一种通常在受伤后通常会影响单个肢体的疼痛状况。潜在的病理生理学似乎很复杂，并且可能因患者而异。临床诊断基于国际公认的标准，该标准考虑了所报告的症状，体征的存在以及其他原因的排除。研究CRPS生物标志物以支持患者分层并提高诊断的确定性是重要的科学重点，并且该领域的最新进展为可测量的疾病预测，诊断和预后参数的最新主题综述提供了机会。描绘了可有助于诊断和确定适当治疗的CRPS的临床和生化属性。预测CRPS的发展并支持诊断的发现包括创伤相关因素，神经认知特性，心理标记以及表明免疫系统激活的局部和全身性变化。可以预测治疗反应的非编码microRNA的特征分析代表了新的研究领域。过去5年的CRPS研究结果表明，可能永远找不到CRPS的单一标记。然而，一系列生物标志物可能有助于临床诊断并指导预后和治疗。可以预测治疗反应的非编码microRNA的特征分析代表了新的研究领域。过去5年的CRPS研究结果表明，可能永远找不到CRPS的单一标记。然而，一系列生物标志物可能有助于临床诊断并指导预后和治疗。可以预测治疗反应的非编码microRNA的特征分析代表了新的研究领域。过去5年的CRPS研究结果表明，可能永远找不到CRPS的单一标记。然而，一系列生物标志物可能有助于临床诊断并指导预后和治疗。