Development of rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of nitroaromatic explosives is of great importance for homeland security and human safety. Herein, three novel fluorescent nanoporous polymers (FNPs), HPP-1–HPP-3, were first prepared by Heck reactions of octavinylsilsesquioxane with ethene derivatives containing bis-, tri-, or tetrakis- bromophenyl groups. Based on highly sensitive detection of explosives, including p-nitrotoluene (NT), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 4-nitrophenol (NP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and picric acid (PA), and high selectivity for detecting TNT and PA, by HPP-2 dispersion in ethanol, a fluorescent paper sensor was developed by a new fabrication process, i.e., vacuum filtrating of HPP-2 dispersion in ethanol, followed by washing and natural drying. The resultant paper sensor was found to be sensitive to explosives in the solution, solid and vapor phase with a rapid response time of < 10 s by visually observing the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Moreover, this paper sensor is recyclable with desirable fluorescence resuming ratio, which is higher than 75% after 10 times recycle detection. This developed paper sensor is promisingly applied for rapid, on-site and visual sensing of explosive residuals. The remarkable fluorescence and reusability of this sensor could be expanded to other fluorescence detection of residuals.

快速，灵敏和视觉检测硝基芳族炸药的发展对于国土安全和人类安全至关重要。本文首先通过八乙烯基硅倍半氧烷与含有双，三或四溴代苯基的乙烯衍生物的Heck反应制备了三种新型的荧光纳米多孔聚合物（FNP），即HPP-1–HPP-3。基于对炸药的高灵敏度检测，包括对硝基甲苯（NT），2,4-二硝基甲苯（DNT），2,4,6-三硝基甲苯（TNT），4-硝基苯酚（NP），2,4-二硝基苯酚（DNP） ）和苦味酸（PA），并通过HPP-2在乙醇中的分散，具有高检测TNT和PA的选择性，通过一种新的制造工艺开发了一种荧光纸传感器，即，真空过滤HPP-2分散液在乙醇中的溶液，然后洗涤并自然干燥。通过目视观察荧光猝灭现象，发现所得纸传感器对溶液，固相和气相中的爆炸物敏感，响应时间<10 s。此外，该纸张传感器可回收利用，具有理想的荧光恢复率，经过10次循环检测后，其恢复率高于75％。这种发达的纸传感器有望用于爆炸性残留物的快速，现场和视觉感测。该传感器显着的荧光性和可重复使用性可以扩展到其他荧光检测残留物。