Checkpoint inhibitor therapy has been a breakthrough in cancer research, but only some patients with cancer derive substantial benefit. Although mechanisms underlying sensitivity and resistance to checkpoint inhibitors are being elucidated, the importance of organ-specific regulation of immunity is currently underappreciated. Here, we call for a greater understanding of tissue-specific immunoregulation, namely, “tissue-specific immunostats,” to make advances in treatments for cancer. A better understanding of how individual organs at baseline regulate the immune system could enable an improved precision medicine approach to cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Discov; 8(4); 395–402. ©2018 AACR.

检查点抑制剂疗法一直是癌症研究的一项突破，但是只有部分癌症患者才能获得可观的收益。尽管阐明了对检查点抑制剂的敏感性和耐药性的机制，但目前对器官特异性免疫调节的重要性仍未加重视。在这里，我们呼吁对组织特异性免疫调节（即“组织特异性免疫抑制剂”）有更深入的了解，以使癌症治疗取得进展。对基线处的各个器官如何调节免疫系统的更好理解可以使癌症免疫疗法的精确医学方法得到改善。巨蟹座Discov; 8（4）; 395–402。©2018 AACR。