A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination†,Energy & Environmental Science

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A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination†
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8ee00220g
George Ni _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Seyed Hadi Zandavi _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Seyyed Morteza Javid _{5,

6,

7,

8} , Svetlana V. Boriskina _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Thomas A. Cooper _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Gang Chen _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Although desalination technologies have been widely adopted as a means to produce freshwater, many of them require large installations and access to advanced infrastructure. Recently, floating structures for solar evaporation have been proposed, employing the concept of interfacial solar heat localization as a high-efficiency approach to desalination. However, the challenge remains to prevent salt accumulation while simultaneously maintaining heat localization. This paper presents an experimental demonstration of a salt-rejecting evaporation structure that can operate continuously under sunlight to generate clean vapor while floating in a saline body of water such as an ocean. The evaporation structure is coupled with a low-cost polymer film condensation cover to produce freshwater at a rate of 2.5 L m⁻² day⁻¹, enough to satisfy individual drinking needs. The entire system's material cost is $3 m⁻² – over an order of magnitude lower than conventional solar stills, does not require energy infrastructure, and can provide cheap drinking water to water-stressed and disaster-stricken communities.

中文翻译：

用于低成本脱盐的排盐浮式太阳能蒸馏器†

尽管海水淡化技术已被广泛用作生产淡水的手段，但其中许多都需要大型安装并需要先进的基础设施。近来，已经提出了用于太阳蒸发的浮动结构，其采用界面太阳热局部化的概念作为用于脱盐的高效方法。然而，挑战在于如何在保持热量局部化的同时防止盐分的积累。本文介绍了一种排盐蒸发结构的实验演示，该结构可以在阳光下连续运行，以产生清洁的蒸气，同时漂浮在咸水体（如海洋）中。蒸发结构与低成本的聚合物薄膜冷凝盖相结合，以2.5 L m ^-2天的速度生产淡水^-1，足以满足个人饮酒需求。整个系统的材料成本为300万⁻²美元，比传统的太阳能蒸馏器要低一个数量级，不需要能源基础设施，并且可以为用水紧张和受灾严重的社区提供廉价的饮用水。

更新日期：2018-03-14

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