Thermoplastic starch (TPS) composites were prepared containing different amounts of unmodified (UFA) or modified fly ash (MFA) powder. The modification of the fly ash was carried out by dry grinding UFA in a planetary ball mill at various speeds and grinding times. The particle size of the fly ash was determined with a laser particle size analyzer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the particle size of the UFA decreased from 59.60 μm to 13.17 μm after grinding for 1 h at 400 rpm. Both UFA and MFA powder were incorporated in a thermoplastic starch. The mechanical properties, water resistance, degradation under simulated weathering conditions and thermal properties of the TPS and the composites were characterized. The maximum tensile strength (7.78 MPa) was obtained in a composite with 2.50% of MFA. This value is about 9 times higher than the tensile strength of the TPS and 2 times higher than that of a TPS/UFA composite with 15.00% UFA. In addition, composites with MFA showed improved water resistance and delayed degradation compared to the TPS and the composites with UFA. The presence of UFA or MFA had a slight effect on the thermal stability of the samples. However, fly ash promoted the final phase of the thermal decomposition of starch indicating a possible catalytic activity.

制备了包含不同量的未改性（UFA）或改性粉煤灰（MFA）粉末的热塑性淀粉（TPS）复合材料。粉煤灰的改性是通过在行星式球磨机中以各种速度和研磨时间对UFA进行干磨来进行的。用激光粒度分析仪和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）确定飞灰的粒度。发现在400rpm下研磨1小时后，UFA的粒度从59.60μm减小至13.17μm。将UFA和MFA粉末都掺入热塑性淀粉中。表征了TPS和复合材料的机械性能，耐水性，在模拟风化条件下的降解以及热性能。在具有2.50％MFA的复合材料中获得最大拉伸强度（7.78 MPa）。该值比TPS的拉伸强度高9倍，比具有15.00％UFA的TPS / UFA复合材料的拉伸强度高2倍。此外，与TPS和具有UFA的复合材料相比，具有MFA的复合材料显示出更高的耐水性和延迟的降解。UFA或MFA的存在对样品的热稳定性影响很小。但是，粉煤灰促进了淀粉热分解的最终阶段，表明可能具有催化活性。