AbstractA nafion film containing cerium phosphate nanotubes was pasted onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a sensor for hydroquinone (HQ). The morphologies and components of the coating were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed the specific surface of the electrode to be significantly increased and the electron transfer rate to be accelerated. The modified GCE was applied to the determination of hydroquinone (HQ) via DPV. The oxidation current increases linearly in the 0.23 μM to 16 mM HQ concentration range which is as wide as five orders of magnitude. The limit of detection is 0.12 μM (based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3), and the sensitivity is 1.41 μA·μM−1 cm−2. The method was further applied to the simultaneous determination of HQ, catechol and resorcinol. The potentials for the three species are well separated (20, 134, and 572 mV vs SCE). Average recoveries from (spiked) real water samples are between 95.2 and 107.0%, with relative standard deviations of 0.9~2.7% (for n = 3) at three spiking levels. The method was validated by independent assays using HPLC. Graphical abstractᅟ

中文翻译：

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磷酸铈纳米管修饰的玻碳电极，用于同时测定对苯二酚、儿茶酚和间苯二酚

摘要 将含有磷酸铈纳米管的 nafion 薄膜粘贴到玻碳电极 (GCE) 上以获得对苯二酚 (HQ) 的传感器。通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱对涂层的形貌和成分进行表征。循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）表明电极的比表面积显着增加，电子转移速率加快。将改进的 GCE 应用于通过 DPV 测定对苯二酚 (HQ)。氧化电流在 0.23 μM 至 16 mM HQ 浓度范围内线性增加，该范围宽达五个数量级。检测限为0.12 μM（基于3的信噪比），灵敏度为1.41 μA·μM-1 cm-2。该方法进一步应用于同时测定HQ、邻苯二酚和间苯二酚。三种物质的电位分离良好（20、134 和 572 mV vs SCE）。（加标的）真实水样的平均回收率在 95.2% 到 107.0% 之间，三个加标水平的相对标准偏差为 0.9% 到 2.7%（对于 n = 3）。该方法通过使用 HPLC 的独立分析进行了验证。图形摘要ᅟ