Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. (Asclepiadaceae) is a well-known Ayurvedic anti-sweet plant for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although it was previously proposed that G. sylvestre exhibits chemical variation based on geography, most research on G. sylvestre has used material originating from India. Morphological and anatomical descriptions, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 DNA sequencing, and acid hydrolysis analyses showed that G. sylvestre samples from Vietnam are distinguishable from those of Indian origin and thus suggest a dissimilarity among G. sylvestre samples with different geographic distributions. An LC-MS-guided strategy targeting 3β-glucuronide oleane-triterpenes in the Vietnamese G. sylvestre variety led to the isolation of four known compounds and nine previously undescribed compounds, named gymnemosides ND1-ND9. None of the isolated compounds were reported in the Indian sample, further supporting the geo-diversity of G. sylvestre. Three compounds, gymnemosides ND7-9, exerted significant stimulatory effects on the uptake of 2-NBDG in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells and thus have potential as lead molecules for anti-diabetes agents.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗2型糖尿病的抗甜植物匙羹藤不同地理品种的鉴别

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. 前 Sm。(Asclepiadaceae) 是一种著名的阿育吠陀抗甜植物，用于治疗 2 型糖尿病。尽管先前提出 G. sylvestre 表现出基于地理的化学变化，但大多数关于 G. sylvestre 的研究使用了源自印度的材料。形态学和解剖学描述、ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 DNA 测序和酸水解分析表明，来自越南的 G. sylvestre 样本与印度原产的 G. sylvestre 样本有区别，因此表明具有不同地理分布的 G. sylvestre 样本之间存在差异。针对越南 G. sylvestre 品种中的 3β-葡糖苷酸齐墩果三萜的 LC-MS 引导策略导致分离了四种已知化合物和九种以前未描述的化合物，命名为裸子菊甙 ND1-ND9。印度样本中没有报告任何分离的化合物，进一步支持了 G. sylvestre 的地理多样性。三种化合物，绞索皂苷 ND7-9，对 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中 2-NBDG 的摄取具有显着的刺激作用，因此具有作为抗糖尿病药物的先导分子的潜力。