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Interactions of Soil Species Exposed to CuO NMs are Different From Cu Salt: A Multispecies Test
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00535
Luís A. Mendes 1, 2 , Mónica J. B. Amorim 1 , Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand 2
Affiliation  

Although environmental effects are mostly assessed via standard individual species the ecological relevance of multispecies testing is well-recognized and highly recommended. Hence, the effect of copper oxide nanomaterials (CuONM) and CuCl2 were assessed using the validated soil multispecies system (SMS). Besides the individual species (IS) “standard” tests for all, a predation study was done. Toxicity was higher in the SMS than in the IS, and longer exposure showed increased toxicity. The predator (Hypoaspis aculeifer) preyed most on smaller species, but the net biomass consumed was similar across species. Internal Cu in Folsomia candida reached ca. 140 μg Cu/g dry weight, fluctuating over time, especialy for CuCl2. Copper was mostly bound to soil components for both Cu forms (<0.2% of the total Cu in soil solution, < 0.007% on the ionic form, but the soil solution content increased with the total added concentration). Hazard Concentrations (HC5) showed higher toxicity and more similarity between Cu forms at longer-term exposure. Risk of NMs is relatively limited at present (IS based instead of SMS) with short exposure times (i.e., longer is required) and too few IS tested. The impact of species interactions is highlighted and is of key importance to include in ecosystem hazard prediction.

中文翻译:

暴露于CuO NMs的土壤物种与铜盐的相互作用:多物种测试

尽管大多数环境影响是通过标准的单个物种评估的,但多物种测试的生态相关性已得到公认,并强烈建议使用。因此,使用经过验证的土壤多物种系统(SMS)评估了氧化铜纳米材料(CuONM)和CuCl 2的效果。除了针对所有人的单个物种(IS)“标准”测试之外,还进行了捕食研究。SMS中的毒性高于IS中的毒性,并且更长的暴露时间表明毒性增加。捕食者(Hypoaspis aculeifer)捕食较小的物种最多,但物种消耗的净生物量相似。念珠菌中的内部Cu达到ca. 140μgCu / g干重,随时间波动,特别是对于CuCl 2。两种形式的铜都主要结合到土壤成分上(<土壤溶液中总铜的0.2%,离子形式<0.007%,但土壤溶液的含量随总添加浓度的增加而增加)。危害浓度(HC5)表现出较高的毒性,并且长期暴露于Cu形式之间具有更大的相似性。目前,NMs的风险相对有限(基于IS而不是SMS),暴露时间较短(即需要更长的时间),且IS测试的次数过少。强调了物种相互作用的影响,并将其纳入生态系统危害预测至关重要。
更新日期:2018-03-15
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