Abstract Industrial implementation of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 (CIGS) solar cells based technologies is usually based on two vacuum deposition techniques: thermal evaporation and sputtering. Despite the ability to produce high purity and high efficiency solar cells with reasonable reproducibility, they exhibit some limitations with respect to their suitability for high-throughput and large area manufacturing and a better materials using rate that would in turn reduce production costs. The sophisticated vacuum equipment requires high capital investment, decreases the flexibility to implement changes and thus it is more vulnerable to predict the desired results. The compositional control that is required in CIGS solar cells in particular is difficult to maintain during up-scaling to large area modules by means of vacuum methods. Implementation of a roll-to-roll process with the use of large, flexible substrates to decrease processing time and increase throughput would further raise the desire of cost effective and fast non-vacuum processes that omit pumping times and are inherently easy to up-scale. The historical developments and main advantages of CIGS thin film photovoltaic devicesis revised and costs considerations are argued to support the interesting approach of electrodeposition as a preferred technique for industrial CIGS substituting sputtered precursors.

中文翻译：

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用于光伏器件的电沉积 Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S) 2 薄膜概述

摘要 基于 Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 (CIGS) 太阳能电池技术的工业实施通常基于两种真空沉积技术：热蒸发和溅射。尽管能够以合理的再现性生产高纯度和高效率的太阳能电池，但它们在高通量和大面积制造的适用性以及更好的材料使用率方面表现出一些限制，这反过来又会降低生产成本。复杂的真空设备需要高资本投资，降低了实施变更的灵活性，因此更容易预测预期结果。在通过真空方法放大到大面积模块的过程中，尤其是 CIGS 太阳能电池所需的成分控制难以维持。使用大型柔性基板实施卷对卷工艺以减少处理时间并提高产量将进一步提高对成本效益和快速的非真空工艺的需求，这些工艺省去了泵送时间并且本质上易于扩大规模. 对 CIGS 薄膜光伏器件的历史发展和主要优势进行了修订，并认为成本考虑支持电沉积作为工业 CIGS 替代溅射前体的首选技术的有趣方法。