The role of vitamin D beyond its classical function in calcium homeostasis has been of significant interest in recent years. There has been expanding research on the pleiotropic role of vitamin D in pregnancy and the implications of its deficiency on maternal-fetal outcomes. Several studies have associated low maternal vitamin D status to adverse outcomes in pregnancy, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm births, low birth weight, and others. Several randomized controlled clinical trials of Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy have also been conducted. Though some of the studies found improvement in pregnancy outcomes with vitamin D supplementation, others have not shown any association. In this article, we have critically reviewed the observational and interventional studies, published primarily within the past two years (January 2014 to February 2016) on the influence of vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy and the impact of its supplementation. The potential underlying mechanisms of vitamin D in regulating each of the outcomes have also been discussed.

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维生素D及其对妊娠母婴结局的影响：一项重要评论

近年来，维生素D超越了其经典功能，在钙稳态中的作用引起了人们的极大兴趣。关于维生素D在妊娠中的多效作用及其缺乏对母婴结局的影响的研究正在不断扩展。几项研究已将孕妇维生素D含量低与妊娠不良后果相关联，包括先兆子痫，妊娠糖尿病，早产，低出生体重等。还进行了妊娠期补充维生素D的一些随机对照临床试验。尽管一些研究发现补充维生素D可以改善妊娠结局，但其他研究则没有任何关联。在本文中，我们对观察性研究和干预性研究进行了严格审查，主要在过去两年（2014年1月至2016年2月）中发表有关维生素D缺乏症对怀孕的影响及其补充的影响的文章。还讨论了维生素D调节每个结果的潜在潜在机制。