Correlation between the structural/electronic structure properties and bio-activity of graphene-based materials need to be thoroughly evaluated before their commercial implementation in the health and environment precincts. To better investigate the local hybridization of sp²/sp³ orbitals of the functional groups of graphene-oxide (GO) and their execution in the antimicrobial mechanism, we exemplify the antibacterial activity of GO sheets towards the Escherichia coli bacteria (E. coli) by applying the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) techniques. C K-edge and O K-edge NEXAFS spectra have revealed lesser sp² carbon atoms in the aromatic ring and attachment of functional oxygen groups at GO sheets. Entrapment of E. coli bacteria by GO sheets is evidenced by FESEM investigations and has also been corroborated by nano-scale imaging of bacteria using the STXM. Spectroscopy evidence of functional oxygen moieties with GO sheets and physiochemical entrapment of E. coli bacteria have assisted us to elaborate the mechanism of cellular oxidative stress-induced disruption of bacterial membrane.

石墨烯基材料的结构/电子结构特性与生物活性之间的相关性需要在健康和环境领域中进行商业实施之前进行彻底评估。为了更好地研究氧化石墨烯（GO）官能团的sp ² / sp ³轨道的局部杂交及其在抗菌机制中的执行，我们以GO片为例对大肠杆菌（E. coli）进行了抗菌活性的研究。通过应用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM），近边缘X射线吸收精细结构（NEXAFS）和扫描透射X射线显微镜（STXM）技术。C K-edge和O K-edge NEXAFS光谱显示较少的sp ²芳环中的碳原子和GO板上的功能性氧基团的连接。FESEM的研究证明了GO片对大肠杆菌的捕获，并已通过使用STXM对细菌进行纳米级成像得到了证实。带有GO片的功能性氧部分的光谱学证据和大肠杆菌的理化滞留已帮助我们阐明了细胞氧化应激诱导的细菌膜破坏的机制。