Abstract This study aims to use spectral analysis and hyperspectral Hyperion remote sensing images of the Egyptian Abu Zenima Carboniferous and Cretaceous kaolin deposits, located in West-Central Sinai Peninsula, for mapping the spatial distribution of their qualities determined by their mineralogical and geochemical parameters. Mineral quantification has been made by X-ray diffractometry and chemical analysis, and kaolinite structural order-disorder degree was measured by mean of the Hinckley (HI), Stoch (IK) and Lietard (R2) indices. The geochemical characteristics classified the studied samples into ferruginous and non-ferruginous deposits. The mineralogical composition discriminated the studied sample grades into kaolin (>75% kaolinite), silty kaolin (75–50% kaolinite) and kaolinitic siltstone ( 1 and IK 0.7). Five EO-1 Hyperion Level 1 GST radiometrically and geometrically corrected images of April and May 2011 were used to identify the spatial distribution of Carboniferous and Cretaceous kaolin grades and the structural characteristics of kaolinite. The position, depth, full-width-half-maximum and 22SP-Index of the absorption features were calculated for the continuum-removed spectra in the range 350–2500 nm. Prominent absorption features spectra occur around ~1400, ~1900, ~2200 and 2300 nm, and there are shifting and changes in their position and morphology with the kaolinite richness and the structural order-disorder degree. Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) supervised classifications proved successfulness for identifying the kaolinite spatial distribution on the Hyperion images using the measured spectra of kaolins with different qualities and structural order-disorders.

中文翻译：

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用于埃及高岭土质量测绘和检测的高光谱遥感

摘要 本研究旨在利用位于西奈半岛中西部的埃及 Abu Zenima 石炭纪和白垩纪高岭土矿床的光谱分析和高光谱 Hyperion 遥感图像，绘制由其矿物学和地球化学参数确定的质量空间分布图。通过X射线衍射和化学分析对矿物进行量化，并通过欣克利(HI)、斯托克(IK)和利塔德(R2)指数测量高岭石结构有序-无序程度。地球化学特征将研究样品分为铁质和非铁质矿床。矿物组成将所研究的样品等级区分为高岭土（> 75% 高岭石）、粉质高岭土（75-50% 高岭石）和高岭质粉砂岩（1 和 IK 0.7）。使用 2011 年 4 月和 5 月的五张 EO-1 Hyperion Level 1 GST 辐射测量和几何校正图像来识别石炭纪和白垩纪高岭土等级的空间分布以及高岭石的结构特征。对于 350-2500 nm 范围内的连续谱去除光谱，计算了吸收特征的位置、深度、半高全宽和 22SP 指数。显着的吸收特征光谱出现在~1400、~1900、~2200和2300nm附近，并且它们的位置和形态随着高岭石的丰富度和结构有序-无序程度发生位移和变化。