Immunotherapy relies on the reinvigoration of immune system to combat diseases and has transformed the landscape of cancer treatments. Clinical trials using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells have demonstrated durable remissions in subsets of cancer patients. A comprehensive understanding of the polyfunctionality of T lymphocytes in ICI or adoptive cell transfer (ACT), at single-cell resolution, will quantify T-cell properties that are essential for therapeutic benefit. We briefly highlight several emerging integrated single-cell technologies focusing on the profiling of multiple properties/functionalities of T cells. We envision that these tools have the potential to provide valuable experimental and clinical insights on T-cell biology, and eventually pave the road for the discovery of surrogate T-cell biomarkers for immunotherapy.

免疫疗法依靠增强免疫系统来抵抗疾病，并改变了癌症治疗的格局。使用免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）以及转基因T细胞的过继转移的临床试验表明，癌症患者亚群中的持久缓解。在单细胞分辨率下，对ICI或过继性细胞转移（ACT）中T淋巴细胞多功能性的全面理解将量化对于治疗益处必不可少的T细胞特性。我们简要着重介绍几种新兴的集成单细胞技术，这些技术集中于对T细胞的多种特性/功能进行分析。我们设想这些工具有可能为T细胞生物学提供有价值的实验和临床见解，