Anaerobic digestion is a consolidated biotechnology able to produce renewable energy from biomasses. In the European countries, quick growth of biogas production from different organic matrices including wastes has been observed. In relation to the characteristics and quantity of the anaerobic digestion of feedstock, there are different technologies, advantages and criticisms. An accurate occupational risk assessment and development of management tools for green jobs involved in the anaerobic digestion plants are due. The aim of this work is to assess the aerosol exposure for such workers, focusing on the bioaerosol risk. Full scale plants for the treatment of organic municipal waste, waste water treatment sludge, agro zootechnical and food producing byproducts were involved for this purpose. The bioaerosol levels were monitored during activities through culturing and biomolecular methods; moreover, the sub-fractionated PM10 and carried endotoxins were measured in different plant areas. Global microbial contamination is higher (>5000 UFC/m³) in the area where organic wastes are handled and pretreated, both for organic municipal waste plants - with a bacterial prevalence - and agro zootechnical plants - with a fungi prevalence. Moreover, the microbial contamination is higher where organic municipal waste is present in respect to other biomasses (ANOVA p < 0.01). Numerous pathogens are carried by the aerosol. HAdV-4 presence is lower than LOQ (50 gene copies/m³) in all the samples. Environmental PM10 reached the 280 μg/m³ level including PM3 for 78%. Endotoxin pollution overtakes the 90 EU/m³ limit sporadically. Personal PM4.5 reached 10 mg/m³ only for maintenance technicians in the pretreatment area for organic municipal waste. The risk can be evaluated under a quantitative and qualitative point of view highlighting risk management improvement for anaerobic digestion plants.

厌氧消化是一种综合的生物技术，能够从生物质中产生可再生能源。在欧洲国家，已观察到来自不同有机基质（包括废物）的沼气产量快速增长。关于原料厌氧消化的特征和数量，存在不同的技术，优势和批评。必须进行准确的职业风险评估，并开发厌氧消化厂涉及的绿色工作的管理工具。这项工作的目的是评估此类工人的气溶胶暴露量，重点是生物气溶胶风险。为此目的，涉及了用于处理有机城市废物，废水处理污泥，农业畜牧业和食品生产副产品的大型工厂。活动期间通过培养和生物分子方法监测生物气溶胶水平；此外，在不同的植物区域中测量了亚级PM10和携带的内毒素。全球微生物污染较高（> 5000 UFC / m³）在处理和预处理有机废物的地区，对于具有细菌流行性的有机市政废物工厂和具有真菌流行性的农业动​​植物工厂而言。此外，相对于其他生物质而言，在存在有机市政废物的地方，微生物污染更高（ANOVA p  <0.01）。气溶胶携带大量病原体。在所有样品中，HAdV-4的存在均低于LOQ（50个基因拷贝/ m ³）。包括PM3在内的环境PM10达到280μg/ m ^3的水平，为78％。内毒素污染偶尔超过90 EU / m ³限值。个人PM4.5达到10 mg / m ³仅适用于有机市政废物预处理区的维护技术人员。可以从定量和定性的角度评估风险，重点是改善厌氧消化设备的风险管理。