Environmental concern associated with the side effects of high fluoride content in ground water and surface water has prompted the researchers to look for an efficient, convenient and easy method. Considering the potential of a good adsorbent, present study reports the synthesis of a composite by impregnating zirconium on powdered activated carbon (AC) using ultrasound as the tool for synthesis and applying it for fluoride adsorption from water. The nature of the composite was determined through characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive Xray (EDX), Xray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption analysis (BET) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The pH_pzc (point of zero charge) of the adsorbent was found to be 5.03; with the optimum pH obtained at 4 for adsorption of strong electronegative fluoride ions. The initial fluoride concentration was varied from 2.5 upto 20 mg.L^-1 and the maximum adsorption capacity of 5 mg.g^-1 was obtained. A maximum fluoride removal of 94.4% was obtained for an initial concentration of 2.5 mg.L^-1 within an equilibrium time of 180 min. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir isotherm model indicating a monolayer adsorption process and the adsorption kinetics followed pseudo second order model. The effects of various coexisting ions (HCO₃^-, NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, Cl^-) commonly present in the water were found to have negligible impact on the process performance. Conducting the adsorption-desorption studies for five consecutive cycles for an initial fluoride concentration of 10 mg.L^-1, the removal efficiency reduced from 86.2 to 32.6%. The ultrasonic method provided an easy route to synthesize the composite in less time and significantly reduced energy consumption for more than 96% compared to the conventional method.

与地下水和地表水中高氟含量的副作用相关的环境问题促使研究人员寻找一种有效，方便和简便的方法。考虑到良好吸附剂的潜力，本研究报告了通过将超声波浸渍在粉末状活性炭（AC）上以超声波作为合成工具并将其应用于水中氟化物吸附的合成方法。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM），能量色散X射线（EDX），X射线衍射（XRD），N ₂吸附分析（BET）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析来表征复合材料的性质。pH值_pzc吸附剂的（零电荷点）为5.03。具有在4时获得的最佳pH值，可吸附强负电性氟离子。初始氟化物浓度从2.5到20 mg.L ^-1不等，最大吸附容量为5 mg.g ^-1。在180分钟的平衡时间内，初始浓度为2.5 mg.L ^-1时，最大除氟量为94.4％。吸附等温线遵循Langmuir等温线模型，表明存在单层吸附过程，吸附动力学遵循伪二阶模型。各种共存离子（HCO影响₃ ^-，NO ₃ ^-，SO ₄ ^2-，氯^-）发现水中通常存在的对工艺性能的影响可忽略不计。在初始氟化物浓度为10 mg.L ^{-1的条件下}，连续五个周期进行吸附-解吸研究，去除效率从86.2降低至32.6％。与常规方法相比，超声方法提供了一种在较短时间内合成复合物的简便方法，并且显着降低了超过96％的能耗。