In this work, a large number of experiments have been carried out to study the aquathermolysis of heavy oil of different viscosities with superheated steam. First, a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave was independently designed to carry out an aquathermolysis reaction with superheated steam. Second, the viscosities of the heavy oil samples were measured before and after the aquathermolysis reaction by an MCR 302 rheometer. Finally, both the saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) content and the carbon number distribution of heavy oil samples before and after the aquathermolysis reaction were determined by chromatography. The experimental results show the following: (1) The higher the content of resins and asphaltenes, the longer is the reaction time for aquathermolysis equilibrium. (2) As for different viscosity oil samples, the starting temperature for aquathermolysis is different; however, the reaction temperature for aquathermolysis equilibrium is the same. (3) The cracking of resins is the main mechanism for the aquathermolysis of low-viscosity heavy oil. The cracking of resins is also the dominant mechanism for the aquathermolysis of medium-viscosity heavy oil, accompanied by the cracking of asphaltenes. The cracking of resins and asphaltenes is the primary mechanism for the aquathermolysis of high-viscosity heavy oil. (4) The cracking of long-chain hydrocarbons into short-chain hydrocarbons is the main mechanism of aquathermolysis.

中文翻译：

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过热蒸汽对不同粘度重油进行水热分解的实验研究

在这项工作中，已经进行了大量的实验来研究不同粘度的重油与过热蒸汽的水热分解。首先，独立设计了高温高压釜，以与过热蒸汽进行水热分解反应。其次，通过MCR 302流变仪在水热分解反应之前和之后测量重油样品的粘度。最后，通过色谱法测定了水热解反应前后的饱和油，芳烃，树脂和沥青质（SARA）含量以及重油样品的碳数分布。实验结果表明：（1）树脂和沥青质含量越高，水热平衡达到平衡的反应时间越长。（2）对于不同粘度的油样，水热分解的起始温度不同；但是，水热分解平衡的反应温度是相同的。（3）树脂的裂解是低粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。树脂的裂化也是中等粘度重油水热分解的主要机理，伴随着沥青质的裂化。树脂和沥青质的裂解是高粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。（4）长链烃裂解为短链烃是水热分解的主要机理。（3）树脂的裂解是低粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。树脂的裂化也是中等粘度重油水热分解的主要机理，伴随着沥青质的裂化。树脂和沥青质的裂解是高粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。（4）长链烃裂解为短链烃是水热分解的主要机理。（3）树脂的裂解是低粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。树脂的裂化也是中等粘度重油水热分解的主要机理，伴随着沥青质的裂化。树脂和沥青质的裂解是高粘度重油水热分解的主要机理。（4）长链烃裂解为短链烃是水热分解的主要机理。