Dry‐stone wall agricultural terraces are widespread all over the world and represent an effective retaining structure for farming purposes. However, dry‐stone walls can be subjected to degradation and damages, with complex and expensive maintenance. Such high costs are the most relevant drivers of land abandonment in many agricultural areas of Europe and of other continents, resulting in a progressive loss of cultivable surface, cultural heritages, and landscape traditional elements. Therefore, a more effective and efficient management of these systems is needed. As a contribution, in the present paper, an innovative modelling approach system is proposed. The presented model is able to describe hydrological processes on a terraced slope and to analyze the destabilizing pressures acting on the retaining dry‐stone walls in the most critical portion of each terrace. The model structure is based on the results of multidisciplinary field monitoring campaigns on water circulation in terraced landscapes carried out on a terraced vineyard (Lamole, Tuscany, Italy). A monitoring station was set up on a recently reconstructed dry‐stone wall, to measure the parameters influencing the pressures acting on the retaining structure. The results show a good capability of the model to predict the distribution and intensity of stresses on the instrumented dry‐stone wall over time and space. Such stresses were related to the earth pressure and to hydrostatic pressures (water accumulation), without the occurrence of soil saturation. Detecting the most failure‐prone portions of a terraced system, this approach can support landowners and land planners in managing these complex and fragile environments.

中文翻译：

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干石墙露台监测与建模

干石墙农业梯田遍布世界各地，代表了用于农业目的的有效保留结构。但是，干石墙可能会遭受降解和损坏，维护费用昂贵且昂贵。如此高的成本是欧洲和其他大洲许多农业地区土地弃置的最重要驱动因素，导致可耕地，文化遗产和景观传统元素的逐步丧失。因此，需要对这些系统进行更有效的管理。作为贡献，本文提出了一种创新的建模方法系统。提出的模型能够描述梯田斜坡上的水文过程，并分析作用在每个梯田最关键部分的挡土墙上的破坏稳定压力。该模型结构基于在梯田葡萄园（拉莫尔，托斯卡纳，意大利）上进行的关于梯田景观水循环的多学科现场监测活动的结果。在最近重建的干石墙上建立了一个监测站，以测量影响作用在保持结构上的压力的参数。结果表明，该模型具有很好的预测随时间和空间变化作用的干石墙应力分布和强度的能力。这些应力与土压力和静水压力（积水）有关，没有发生土壤饱和。这种方法检测梯形系统中最容易出现故障的部分，可以支持土地所有者和土地规划师管理这些复杂而脆弱的环境。