Well-dispersed polyaniline (PANi) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by simple oxidative polymerization of aniline in a two-phase system in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as a polymer shell agent, and citric acid was used as a doping acid instead of inorganic acids due to its better biocompatibility. TEM showed that the nanocomposites of PANi and PVP ([email protected]) assembled into core–shell like nanostructures uniformly. MTT results indicated that the [email protected] nanoparticles supported the survival of cells; IC50 could reach about 2.5 mg/mL, much higher than the IC50 value reported for PANi nanoparticles without PVP. Furthermore, in the presence of PVP, only exceeding PANi (>1.5 mg/mL) resulted in a comparable production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the induction of apoptosis in PC-12 cells, and a weaker DNA fragmentation. TEM of PC-12 cell sections displayed that the cell morphological changes associated with the apoptosis were induced when exposed to a very high dose of [email protected] (3 mg/mL). The well-dispersed [email protected] combined with NIR irradiation achieved excellent photothermal conversion performance, which could kill cancer cell BEL-7402 in vitro effectively. Reflecting this well-dispersed property, the tumors in cancer bearing KM mice disappeared thoroughly after a single subcutaneous injection of [email protected] nanoparticles and subsequent NIR laser irradiation.

中文翻译：

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稳定分散的聚苯胺-聚吡咯烷酮纳米复合材料的制备及其有效的光热疗法

在聚（乙烯基吡咯烷酮）（PVP）为聚合物壳剂的情况下，通过两相体系中苯胺的简单氧化聚合，成功合成了分散良好的聚苯胺（PANi）纳米颗粒，而使用柠檬酸作为掺杂酸无机酸具有更好的生物相容性。TEM显示，PANi和PVP的纳米复合材料（受电子邮件保护）均匀地组装成核壳状的纳米结构。MTT结果表明，[受电子邮件保护的]纳米颗粒支持细胞的存活。IC50可能达到约2.5 mg / mL，远高于报道的不含PVP的PANi纳米颗粒的IC50值。此外，在存在PVP的情况下，仅超过PANi（> 1.5 mg / mL）会产生可比的细胞内活性氧（ROS）产生，诱导PC-12细胞凋亡，和较弱的DNA碎片。PC-12细胞切片的TEM显示，当暴露于非常高剂量的[电子邮件保护]（3 mg / mL）时，诱导了与凋亡相关的细胞形态变化。分散良好的[电子邮件保护]结合NIR辐照获得了优异的光热转换性能，可以有效地杀死BEL-7402癌细胞。反映这种良好分散的特性，在单次皮下注射[受电子邮件保护的]纳米颗粒并随后进行NIR激光照射后，患有癌症的KM小鼠中的肿瘤彻底消失了。分散良好的[电子邮件保护]结合NIR辐照获得了优异的光热转换性能，可以有效地杀死BEL-7402癌细胞。反映这种良好分散的特性，在单次皮下注射[受电子邮件保护的]纳米粒子并随后进行NIR激光照射后，患有癌症的KM小鼠中的肿瘤彻底消失了。分散良好的[电子邮件保护]结合NIR辐照获得了优异的光热转换性能，可以有效地杀死BEL-7402癌细胞。反映这种良好分散的特性，在单次皮下注射[受电子邮件保护的]纳米粒子并随后进行NIR激光照射后，患有癌症的KM小鼠中的肿瘤彻底消失了。