An inexpensive carbocatalyst containing Brønsted acidic sulfonic acid group and Lewis acidic Ti⁴⁺ is found to be effective for cascade conversion of C₆ sugar to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) via sequential dehydration, and etherification reactions. HMF and fructose conversions at mild conditions achieved 91% and 64% EMF yields, respectively. The results indicate that the two acid sites interplay synergistically for high EMF yield and minimal ring-opened product ethyl levulinate (EL), another promising biofuel additive. Etherification of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) with alcohols of varying carbon lengths formed alkoxymethylfurans (AMF) with high yields. The catalyst retained good activity upon recycling. The nature and strength of the acid sites are elucidated.

发现包含布朗斯台德酸性磺酸基团和路易斯酸性Ti ⁴⁺的廉价碳催化剂可有效地通过顺序脱水和醚化反应将C ₆糖级联转化为5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（EMF）。在温和条件下，HMF和果糖转化率分别达到91％和64％EMF产率。结果表明，两个酸位点协同作用，以实现高EMF产量和最小的开环产物乙酰丙酸乙酯（EL），这是另一种有前途的生物燃料添加剂。用碳长度不同的醇将2,5-双（羟甲基）呋喃（BHMF）醚化可高收率地形成烷氧基甲基呋喃（AMF）。该催化剂在再循环时保持良好的活性。阐明了酸位的性质和强度。