OBJECTIVE To compare races/ethnicities for characteristics, at type 1 diabetes diagnosis and during the first 3 years postdiagnosis, known to influence long-term health outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed 927 Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC) participants <19 years old (631 non-Hispanic white [NHW], 216 Hispanic, and 80 African American [AA]) diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and followed for a median of 3.0 years (interquartile range 2.2–3.6). Demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records and patient/parent interviews. Partial remission period or “honeymoon” was defined as insulin dose–adjusted hemoglobin A_1c (IDAA1c) ≤9.0%. We used logistic, linear, and multinomial regression models, as well as repeated-measures logistic and linear regression models. Models were adjusted for known confounders.

RESULTS AA subjects, compared with NHW, at diagnosis, were in a higher age- and sex-adjusted BMI percentile (BMI%), had more advanced pubertal development, and had higher frequency of presentation in diabetic ketoacidosis, largely explained by socioeconomic factors. During the first 3 years, AA subjects were more likely to have hypertension and severe hypoglycemia events; had trajectories with higher hemoglobin A_1c, BMI%, insulin doses, and IDAA1c; and were less likely to enter the partial remission period. Hispanics, compared with NHWs, had higher BMI% at diagnosis and over the three subsequent years. During the 3 years postdiagnosis, Hispanics had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia and maintained trajectories of higher insulin doses and IDAA1c.

CONCLUSIONS Youth of minority race/ethnicity have increased markers of poor prognosis of type 1 diabetes at diagnosis and 3 years postdiagnosis, possibly contributing to higher risk of long-term diabetes complications compared with NHWs.

目的比较种族/种族在1型糖尿病诊断时和诊断后最初3年内的特征（已知会影响长期健康结果）。

研究设计和方法我们分析了927名年龄小于19岁（631名非西班牙裔白人[NHW]，216名西班牙裔和80名非裔美国人[AA]）的19岁以下小儿糖尿病协会（PDC）参与者，其中位数为3.0年（四分位间距2.2-3.6）。人口统计学和临床​​数据是从医疗记录和患者/家长访谈中收集的。部分缓解期或“蜜月”定义为胰岛素剂量调整后的血红蛋白A _1c（IDAA1c）≤9.0％。我们使用了逻辑，线性和多项式回归模型，以及重复测量的逻辑和线性回归模型。针对已知的混杂因素对模型进行了调整。

结果与NHW相比，AA患者在诊断时处于较高的年龄和性别调整后的BMI百分率（BMI％），青春期发育更早，糖尿病酮症酸中毒的出现频率更高，这在很大程度上是由社会经济因素造成的。在最初的3年中，AA受试者更有可能患有高血压和严重的低血糖事件；血红蛋白A _1c，BMI％，胰岛素剂量和IDAA1c较高；并且不太可能进入部分缓解期。西班牙裔美国人与NHWs相比，在诊断时以及随后的三年中BMI％较高。在诊断后的3年中，西班牙裔的血脂异常患病率较高，并且维持了较高的胰岛素剂量和IDAA1c的轨迹。

结论少数族裔/族裔的年轻人在诊断和诊断后3年增加了1型糖尿病预后不良的标志，与NHWs相比，可能导致更高的长期糖尿病并发症风险。