Membrane surface properties critically affect membrane performance as it is the membrane surface that contacts the feed. Chemical modification of membrane surfaces is an attractive method to impart desirable surface properties while retaining the desired bulk polymer properties such as mechanical and chemical resistance and membrane morphology. Fouling or adsorption of undesirable species onto the membrane surface affects membrane properties and leads to compromised performance. Consequently, a great deal of effort has focused on minimizing the unsought accumulation of molecules on the membrane surface. Hence, this review focuses on membrane surface modification for suppression of fouling. Recent progress in the field of chemical modification is highlighted along with challenges and future direction. In particular the development of controlled polymerization methods that permit better control of the three-dimensional structure of the grafted nanolayer has been a major focus of recent research.

膜的表面性质严重影响膜的性能，因为膜表面会与进料接触。膜表面的化学修饰是一种吸引人的方法，可以赋予所需的表面性能，同时保留所需的本体聚合物性能，如机械和化学耐性以及膜的形态。膜表面上不希望有的物质的结垢或吸附会影响膜的性能并导致性能下降。因此，大量的努力集中在使分子在膜表面上的未寻求的积累最小化。因此，本综述着重于膜表面改性以抑制结垢。着重介绍了化学改性领域的最新进展以及挑战和未来方向。