Bispecific antibody and protein therapeutics have a long scientific history. In the last few years there has been a renaissance in their design and application. Clinical trial data with both monoclonal antibodies and bispecifics is beginning to provide feedback regarding the most opportunistic areas for bispecifics and the hurdles many of them may face. Bispecific molecules that utilize IgG-fragments or novel scaffolds to bind two antigens or two epitopes on the same antigen are demonstrating their unique strengths as therapeutics and diagnostics, such as in blood–brain-barrier penetration, in the immune synapse and as cancer imaging agents. A push toward bispecifics that have a native IgG architecture has also been widespread over the past few years with the goal of capturing the clinically validated therapeutic properties of standard monoclonal antibodies. Lastly, as the biological mechanisms of diseases become further elucidated, utilizing bispecifics or perhaps tri/tetraspecifics may enable improved therapeutic outcomes.

双特异性抗体和蛋白质疗法具有悠久的科学历史。在过去的几年中，它们的设计和应用正在复兴。单克隆抗体和双特异性抗体的临床试验数据开始提供有关双特异性抗体最机会性领域及其许多可能面临的障碍的反馈。利用IgG片段或新型支架结合两种抗原或同一抗原上的两个表位的双特异性分子正在证明其独特的优势，如治疗和诊断，如血脑屏障穿透，免疫突触和癌症显像剂。 。在过去的几年中，为捕获具有标准IgG抗体临床上经过验证的治疗特性的目标，也已广泛推广具有天然IgG结构的双特异性抗体。最后，随着疾病的生物学机制得到进一步阐明，利用双特异性或三/四特异性可以改善治疗效果。