Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common but misunderstood psychiatric disorders. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD is generally estimated to be in the 7% to 9% range,¹ which indicates that the disorder is indeed a common one. However, comorbidity of PTSD appears to be more the rule than the exception, with the highest rates found in people with major depression,² severe mental illness,³ and substance use disorders.⁴ The high comorbidity of PTSD with other disorders, and the fact that it only rarely occurs without comorbidities, has led to considerable confusion in both diagnosing PTSD and in distinguishing its effects from those of the disorders with which it so often co-occurs.

创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是最常见但被误解的精神疾病之一。PTSD的终生患病率通常估计在7％至9％的范围内，[ ^1]表明该疾病确实是一种常见疾病。但是，PTSD合并症似乎比一般情况更常见，在患有严重抑郁症，^2种严重精神疾病，^3种和药物滥用疾病的人群中发病率最高。⁴ PTSD与其他疾病的高合并症，以及只有很少并没有合并症的情况才发生，这一事实在诊断PTSD以及将其影响与经常并发的疾病区别开来时引起了极大的困惑。