Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have exhibited power conversion efficiencies comparable to more established PV technologies thanks to their favourable optoelectronic properties, but low operational stability inhibits their commercialisation and widespread use. Many degradation pathways are possible and most of them are not currently well understood at the nanoscale due to the difficulty of characterising a perovskite solar cell's complex nanostructure. This work reviews the application of in-situ and operando electron microscopy to visualise the dynamic processes that occur in perovskite solar cells as various stimuli are applied inside a microscope column. Additionally, potential challenges and an outlook on future uses of this technique are briefly discussed.

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池具有良好的光电性能，其功率转换效率可与更成熟的PV技术相媲美，但是其低运行稳定性阻碍了它们的商业化和广泛使用。许多降解途径都是可能的，并且由于难以表征钙钛矿太阳能电池的复杂纳米结构，目前在纳米级别尚不十分了解。这项工作回顾了原位和操作电子显微镜的应用，以可视化在显微镜柱内施加各种刺激后钙钛矿太阳能电池中发生的动态过程。此外，还简要讨论了该技术的潜在挑战和未来用途的前景。