Trachea replacement for nonoperable defects remains an unsolved problem due to complications with stenosis and mechanical insufficiency. While native trachea has anisotropic mechanical properties, the vast majority of engineered constructs focus on uniform cartilaginous-like conduits. These conduits often lack quantitative mechanical analysis at the construct level, which limits analysis of functional outcomes in vivo, as well as comparisons across studies. This review aims to present a clear picture of native tracheal mechanics at the tissue and organ level, as well as loading conditions to establish design criteria for trachea replacements. We further explore the implications of failing to match native properties with regards to implant collapse, stenosis, and infection.

中文翻译：

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组织工程设计的气管力学

由于狭窄和机械功能不全的并发症，气管替代不可手术的缺陷仍然是一个未解决的问题。尽管天然气管具有各向异性的机械性能，但绝大多数工程构造物都集中在均匀的软骨样导管上。这些导管通常在构建体水平上缺乏定量的力学分析，这限制了体内功能结果的分析以及研究之间的比较。这篇综述旨在清晰地展现组织和器官水平上的自然气管力学，以及为建立气管替代物设计标准而设定的负荷条件。我们将进一步探讨在植入物塌陷，狭窄和感染方面无法匹配天然特性的含义。