The synergistic effect of conventional flame-retardant elements and graphene has received extensive attention in the development of a new class of flame retardants. Compared to covalent modification, the non-covalent strategy is simpler and expeditious and entirely preserves the original quality of graphene. Thus, non-covalently functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) with a phosphorus–nitrogen compound was successfully prepared via a one-pot process in this study. Polyethyleneimine and FGO were alternatively deposited on the surface of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) film via layer-by-layer assembly driven by electrostatic interaction, imparting excellent flame retardancy to the coated PVA film. The multilayer FGO-based coating formed a protective shield encapsulating the PVA matrix, effectively blocking the transfer of heat and mass during combustion. The coated PVA has a higher initial decomposition temperature of about 260 °C and a nearly 60% reduction in total heat release than neat PVA does. Our results may have a promising prospect for flame-retardant polymers.

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常规阻燃元素和石墨烯的协同作用在新型阻燃剂的开发中受到了广泛的关注。与共价修饰相比，非共价策略更简单快捷，并且完全保留了石墨烯的原始质量。因此，本研究通过一锅法成功地制备了具有磷氮化合物的非共价官能化氧化石墨烯（FGO）。聚乙烯亚胺和FGO通过由静电相互作用驱动的逐层组装交替沉积在聚乙烯醇（PVA）膜的表面上，从而使涂覆的PVA膜具有出色的阻燃性。多层基于FGO的涂层形成了包裹PVA基体的保护罩，有效地阻止了燃烧过程中热量和质量的传递。与纯PVA相比，涂层PVA的初始分解温度更高，约为260°C，总热量释放减少了近60％。我们的结果对于阻燃聚合物可能具有广阔的前景。

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