Advances in omics technologies — such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics — have begun to enable personalized medicine at an extraordinarily detailed molecular level. Individually, these technologies have contributed medical advances that have begun to enter clinical practice. However, each technology individually cannot capture the entire biological complexity of most human diseases. Integration of multiple technologies has emerged as an approach to provide a more comprehensive view of biology and disease. In this Review, we discuss the potential for combining diverse types of data and the utility of this approach in human health and disease. We provide examples of data integration to understand, diagnose and inform treatment of diseases, including rare and common diseases as well as cancer and transplant biology. Finally, we discuss technical and other challenges to clinical implementation of integrative omics.

基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等组学技术的进步已经开始在极其详细的分子水平上实现个性化医疗。单独而言，这些技术都为医学进步做出了贡献，并已开始进入临床实践。然而，每种技术单独无法捕获大多数人类疾病的全部生物学复杂性。多种技术的整合已成为一种提供更全面的生物学和疾病观​​点的方法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了结合不同类型数据的潜力以及这种方法在人类健康和疾病中的效用。我们提供数据集成的示例，以了解、诊断和指导疾病的治疗，包括罕见和常见疾病以及癌症和移植生物学。最后，我们讨论了综合组学临床实施的技术和其他挑战。