Article, see p 1103 Healthful dietary patterns have a major role in healthy lifestyles and are necessary for cardiovascular health promotion.1 Over the past decade, dietary patterns have been a focus of human nutrition research studies. This is largely because of the well-recognized fact that we do not eat nutrients, we eat foods, and that we do not eat foods in isolation, we eat them in patterns. As a result, evidence is mounting on the effectiveness of multiple dietary patterns in reducing body weight2–4 and improving cardiovascular risk.5–7 The specific components of these patterns, including the types of foods they include, macronutrient balance, and amount of energy deficit created (if weight loss is desired), can impact adherence and effectiveness. In this issue of Circulation , Sofi et al8 report findings from the CARDIVEG trial (Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease With the Vegetarian Diet) conducted in Florence, Italy, from 2014 to 2015. Participants in the trial were overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and met one of the following criteria: total cholesterol >190 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >115 mg/dL, triglyceride levels >150 mg/dL, and glucose levels >110 but <126 mg/dL. Individuals were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 interventions: (1) a low-calorie vegetarian diet, or (2) a low-calorie Mediterranean-style diet. The low-calorie vegetarian diet excluded meat, meat products, poultry, fish, seafood, and flesh from any other animals. It included eggs and dairy products and all other nonmeat food groups. The low-calorie Mediterranean diet comprised all food groups, including meat, meat products, poultry, and fish. To facilitate compliance with the intervention, participants were given a 1-week detailed menu plan and instructions containing tips and details about food groups …

中文翻译：

---

减轻体重和优化心血管健康的饮食模式

文章，见第1103页。健康的饮食习惯在健康的生活方式中起着重要作用，对于促进心血管健康是必不可少的。1在过去的十年中，饮食习惯一直是人类营养研究的重点。这在很大程度上是由于众所周知的事实，我们不吃营养，我们只吃食物，我们不孤立地吃食物，而是按规律地吃东西。结果，越来越多的证据表明多种饮食方式在减轻体重2-4和改善心血管疾病风险方面的有效性。5-7这些方式的具体组成部分，包括其中所含食物的类型，大量营养素平衡和能量消耗产生的赤字（如果需要减轻体重）可能会影响依从性和有效性。在本期《发行》中，Sofi等[8]报告了2014年至2015年在意大利佛罗伦萨进行的CARDIVEG试验（用素食预防心血管疾病）的发现。试验的参与者超重（体重指数≥25 kg / m2），符合以下一项条件：以下标准：总胆固醇> 190 mg / dL，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇> 115 mg / dL，甘油三酸酯水平> 150 mg / dL，葡萄糖水平> 110但<126 mg / dL。将个体随机分配到2种干预措施中的1种：（1）低热量素食饮食，或（2）低热量地中海式饮食。低热量的素食饮食不包括任何其他动物的肉，肉制品，家禽，鱼，海鲜和肉。它包括鸡蛋和乳制品以及所有其他非肉类食品。低热量的地中海饮食涵盖了所有食物类别，包括肉类，肉制品，家禽和鱼。为了促进对干预的依从性，为参与者提供了为期1周的详细菜单计划和说明，其中包含有关食物类别的提示和详细信息……