Electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors, SCs), have been deemed to be one of the most promising powerful electrochemical energy storage devices, owing to that SCs have long cycle lives, high power densities, and fast recharge capabilities. Transition metal oxide is one of the most promising electrode materials in the application of SCs, but the poor active surface areas limit their electrochemical performances. Particularly, hollow structures can enhance their active surface areas and porosity for better transportation. In this review, the development regarding hollow structures of the metal oxide, metal oxide complex, and carbon–metal oxide complex is discussed. Furthermore, performances of these materials applied in SCs are tested in various systems, and their electrochemical performances are introduced and compared. The disadvantages of SCs based on hollow metal oxide materials are also discussed, and the various solutions are provided.

中文翻译：

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中空结构过渡金属氧化物，用于高级超级电容器

电化学电容器（超级电容器，SC）被认为是最有前途的功能强大的电化学储能设备之一，这是因为SC具有长的循环寿命，高功率密度和快速的充电能力。过渡金属氧化物是SC的应用中最有希望的电极材料之一，但较差的活性表面积限制了它们的电化学性能。特别地，中空结构可以增加其有效表面积和孔隙率，以便更好地运输。在这篇综述中，讨论了有关金属氧化物，金属氧化物配合物和碳-金属氧化物配合物的中空结构的发展。此外，在各种系统中测试了这些用于SC的材料的性能，并介绍和比较了它们的电化学性能。