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High-Efficiency All-Dielectric Huygens Metasurfaces from the Ultraviolet to the Infrared
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-25 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01368 Adam J. Ollanik 1 , Jake A. Smith 1 , Mason J. Belue 1, 2 , Matthew D. Escarra 1
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-25 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01368 Adam J. Ollanik 1 , Jake A. Smith 1 , Mason J. Belue 1, 2 , Matthew D. Escarra 1
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Conventional optics depend on the gradual accumulation of spatially dependent phase shifts imparted on light propagating through a medium to modify the wavefront of an incident beam. A similar effect may be obtained by the imposition of abrupt, discrete phase changes on a propagating wavefront over a subwavelength scale using photonic metasurfaces. Highly efficient metasurfaces have applications ranging from conventional optics to high-efficiency solar energy conversion, optical communications, and more. We present here the design, computational modeling, and experimental demonstration of all-dielectric transmissive Huygens metasurfaces exhibiting anomalous refraction, defined as the controlled deflection of light at an interface as a function of subwavelength nanostructures. These metasurfaces are composed of dielectric, cylindrical elements, characterized by balanced electric and magnetic dipole resonances. For infrared wavelengths, optical efficiency of 91.3% is demonstrated computationally, and experimental efficiency of 63.6% is measured. Metasurfaces are designed and modeled in each of three experimentally realizable material systems, corresponding to incident wavelengths in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared, all demonstrating high optical efficiency of at least 78%. A ground-up approach is presented that enables this design of highly efficient all-dielectric Huygens metasurfaces with nonzero phase gradients, in spite of difficulties due to strong interantenna coupling effects. Additionally, we computationally demonstrate a stacked metasurface device, capable of independent manipulation of four adjacent spectral bands, with midband optical efficiency as high as 55%. Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of this resonant dielectric Huygens metasurface approach, we discuss routes to the development of optical sensors and dynamically tunable metasurfaces.
中文翻译：
从紫外线到红外的高效全介电惠更斯超表面
常规的光学器件依赖于传递给通过介质传播的光的空间相关相移的逐渐累积，以改变入射光束的波前。通过使用光子超表面，在亚波长范围内，在传播的波前强加突变的离散相位变化，可以获得类似的效果。高效的超表面的应用范围从常规光学到高效太阳能转换，光通信等等。我们在这里展示展示异常折射的全介电透射惠更斯超表面的设计，计算模型和实验演示，反折射定义为界面处光的受控偏转与亚波长纳米结构的关系。这些超表面由介电的圆柱元素组成，具有平衡的电和磁偶极子谐振。对于红外波长，通过计算证明了91.3％的光学效率，并且测得的实验效率为63.6％。在三种可通过实验实现的材料系统中的每一个中，对超颖表面进行了设计和建模，分别对应于紫外线，可见光和红外光的入射波长，均显示出至少78％的高光学效率。提出了一种自上而下的方法，尽管由于天线之间的强耦合效应而造成了困难，但该方法仍可以实现具有非零相位梯度的高效全介电惠更斯超表面的设计。另外，我们通过计算证明了一种堆叠的超表面装置，该装置能够独立操纵四个相邻光谱带，中带光学效率高达55％。
更新日期：2018-02-25
中文翻译：
从紫外线到红外的高效全介电惠更斯超表面
常规的光学器件依赖于传递给通过介质传播的光的空间相关相移的逐渐累积，以改变入射光束的波前。通过使用光子超表面，在亚波长范围内，在传播的波前强加突变的离散相位变化，可以获得类似的效果。高效的超表面的应用范围从常规光学到高效太阳能转换，光通信等等。我们在这里展示展示异常折射的全介电透射惠更斯超表面的设计，计算模型和实验演示，反折射定义为界面处光的受控偏转与亚波长纳米结构的关系。这些超表面由介电的圆柱元素组成，具有平衡的电和磁偶极子谐振。对于红外波长，通过计算证明了91.3％的光学效率，并且测得的实验效率为63.6％。在三种可通过实验实现的材料系统中的每一个中，对超颖表面进行了设计和建模，分别对应于紫外线，可见光和红外光的入射波长，均显示出至少78％的高光学效率。提出了一种自上而下的方法，尽管由于天线之间的强耦合效应而造成了困难，但该方法仍可以实现具有非零相位梯度的高效全介电惠更斯超表面的设计。另外，我们通过计算证明了一种堆叠的超表面装置，该装置能够独立操纵四个相邻光谱带，中带光学效率高达55％。
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