The large volumes of oily wastewater discharged to marine environment cause heavy impacts on the coastal marine ecosystem. The selection of an appropriate technology to reduce these impacts should be based on the respect of the discharge limits and on the effective assessment and monitoring of its effects on biological organism preservation. To this aim, we set up a controlled microcosm-scale system to compare the effects of a treated and untreated oily wastewater discharge in which the restore process is performed through a Membrane Bio-Reactor. The system is completed by other three microcosms to control and isolate any possible concurrent effect on the Mytilus galloprovincialis, used as sentinel organism.

Mytilus galloprovincialis have been kept in all these microcosms, and then mRNA expression and morphology were evaluated on gills and digestive gland. The genes considered in this work are Heat Shock Protein 70 and Metallothionein 10, involved in response to physicochemical sublethal stressors, Superoxide dismutase 1, Catalase, and Cytochrome P450 involved in oxidative stress response. Our results evidenced a significant overexpression, both in gills and digestive gland, of HSP70 in samples maintained in the microcosm receiving the untreated effluent, and of MT10 in those animals kept in microcosm where the effluent was treated. Even though the mRNA modifications are considered “primary” and transient responses which do not always correspond to protein content, the study of these modifications can help to gain insights into the mechanisms of action of xenobiotic exposure. Morphological analysis suggested that, although different, depending on the microcosm, the most serious damages were found in the gill epithelium accompanied with severe haemocyte infiltration, whilst in digestive gland the tissue architecture alterations and the haemocyte infiltration were less pronounced. These observations suggest that the immune system was activated as a general response to stressful stimuli such as the presence of toxic compounds. Moreover, the results indicate that the treatment process is useful. In fact, samples derived from the microcosm receiving the treated effluent, even though presenting some signs of stress, seemed to partially recover the normal structure, although their mRNA expression indicated some cellular suffering.

排放到海洋环境的大量含油废水对沿海海洋生态系统造成了严重影响。选择适当的技术以减少这些影响应基于对排放限值的尊重，以及对其对生物有机体保存的影响的有效评估和监测。为此，我们建立了一个可控的微观尺度系统，比较经过处理和未经处理的含油废水排放的效果，其中通过膜生物反应器进行恢复过程。该系统由其他三个微观世界完成，以控制和隔离对用作前哨生物的盖氏Mytilus galloprovincialis的任何可能的并行影响。

在所有这些微观世界中都保留了鸡没食子菌，然后在g和消化腺上评估了mRNA的表达和形态。在这项工作中考虑的基因是热休克蛋白70和金属硫蛋白10，它们参与对理化亚致死应激源的响应，超氧化物歧化酶1，过氧化氢酶和细胞色素P450参与氧化应激反应。我们的结果表明，在未接受污水处理的微观世界中保持的样本中，SP和消化腺中的HSP70明显过表达，而MT10则过表达在那些饲养污水的微观世界中的动物中。即使mRNA修饰被认为是“主要的”和短暂的反应，并不总是与蛋白质含量相对应，但对这些修饰的研究仍有助于了解异源生物的作用机理。形态学分析表明，尽管不同，但取决于微观，在，上皮中发现最严重的损害并伴有严重的血细胞浸润，而在消化腺中，组织结构的改变和血细胞浸润则不太明显。这些观察结果表明，免疫系统作为对应激刺激（例如有毒化合物的存在）的一般反应而被激活。而且，结果表明治疗过程是有用的。实际上，