Abstract Alcohol fuels offer opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuels in CI engines and to increase percentage of biofuels in the transport and energy sectors, where combustion engines are often used. This study presents experimental examinations of a stationary single-cylinder compression ignition dual-fuel engine based on co-combustion of diesel fuel with alcohols. The study evaluated the effect of addition of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and 1-butanol to diesel fuel on the combustion process, performance and emissions from a research engine. Percentage of the energy supplied in the alcohol fuel was 15, 30, 45, 55 and 70% of total energy supplied with fuel to the engine. The results of the examinations were compared to the examinations for the engine fuelled with pure diesel fuel as a reference. Addition of alcohol to diesel fuel had a positive effect on the level of mean indicated pressure, thermal efficiency and stability of the research engine. The increase in energy percentage of each alcohol to 55% during co-combustion with diesel fuel led to the mean increase in indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) by 22%, mean increase of indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) by almost 13% and reduction in coefficient of variation COV IMEP by 52%. Of the alcohols analysed in the study, methanol was the most beneficial in terms of high indicated pressure and high efficiency, with maximal values of IMEP = 0.86 MPa and ITE = 35.3% at DM55. Addition and increase in percentage of each alcohol to 55% led to the increase in emissions of nitrogen oxides (by 139% on average), decline of carbon oxide emissions (by 45% on average) and increase in carbon dioxide emissions (by 17% on average). However, it did not lead to significant changes in emissions of hydrocarbons. The highest content of NO x , CO and CO 2 in engine exhaust were found for co-combustion of diesel fuel with addition of methanol.

中文翻译：

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压燃式双燃料发动机柴油与含氧醇混合燃烧研究

摘要 酒精燃料为减少 CI 发动机中化石燃料的使用提供了机会，并增加了经常使用内燃机的运输和能源部门中生物燃料的百分比。本研究展示了基于柴油与醇类混合燃烧的固定式单缸压燃式双燃料发动机的实验研究。该研究评估了向柴油燃料中添加甲醇、乙醇、2-丙醇和 1-丁醇对研究发动机的燃烧过程、性能和排放的影响。酒精燃料中提供的能量的百分比是提供给发动机的燃料的总能量的 15%、30%、45%、55% 和 70%。将检查结果与以纯柴油燃料作为参考的发动机的检查结果进行比较。向柴油燃料中添加酒精对研究发动机的平均指示压力水平、热效率和稳定性有积极影响。在与柴油燃料混合燃烧期间，每种醇的能量百分比增加到 55% 导致指示平均有效压力 (IMEP) 平均增加 22%，指示热效率 (ITE) 平均增加近 13% 并降低COV IMEP 的变异系数为 52%。在研究中分析的醇类中，甲醇在高指示压力和高效率方面最有利，在 DM55 下，IMEP 最大值 = 0.86 MPa，ITE = 35.3%。添加并增加每种酒精的百分比到 55% 导致氮氧化物排放量增加（平均增加 139%），碳氧化物排放量下降（平均 45%）和二氧化碳排放量增加（平均 17%）。然而，它并没有导致碳氢化合物排放量的显着变化。发现柴油燃料与甲醇混合燃烧时发动机尾气中NO x 、CO 和CO 2 的含量最高。