Abstract Transparent glass ceramics (TGCs) with minimized scattering loss offer the combined characteristics of both glasses and (transparent) ceramics. The functionalities of the dispered crystals make TGCs a new generation of tailorable optical materials with a wide range of applications from optics to photonics. Most of conventional glass ceramics (GCs), e.g., silicate glass ceramics, contain crystals involving both network formers and modifiers, and they are known for their superior mechanical/thermal performances. In this paper, we pay more attention to those TGCs containing crystalline phases composed of only network modifiers, including nanocrystals of noble metals, metal fluorides, oxides, chalcogenides, etc. We review recent advances in conventional fabrication methods as well as in emerging techniques for the production of TGCs, such as solid state reaction, sol–gel and laser–induced crystallization. We then discuss the applications of TGCs, particularly the TGCs functionalized by crystals that exhibit various optical functionalities, including photoluminescence, optical nonlinearity, plasmonic absorption, etc. Experimental advances in the use of TGCs for lasers, optical amplifiers and different spectral converters are highlighted. We also anticipate that TGCs will find new applications, and the investigations into TGCs will unravel the mechanism of crystal formation, and hence, lead to the discovery of novel TGC systems.

中文翻译：

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由分散晶体功能化的透明微晶玻璃

摘要 具有最小散射损失的透明玻璃陶瓷 (TGC) 具有玻璃和（透明）陶瓷的综合特性。色散晶体的功能使 TGC 成为新一代可定制的光学材料，具有从光学到光子学的广泛应用。大多数传统的玻璃陶瓷 (GC)，例如硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷，都含有涉及网络形成剂和改性剂的晶体，它们以其优异的机械/热性能而闻名。在本文中，我们更加关注那些仅由网络改性剂组成的结晶相的 TGC，包括贵金属、金属氟化物、氧化物、硫属化物等的纳米晶体。我们回顾了传统制造方法以及新兴技术的最新进展TGC的生产，如固态反应、溶胶-凝胶和激光诱导结晶。然后我们讨论了 TGC 的应用，特别是由具有各种光学功能的晶体功能化的 TGC，包括光致发光、光学非线性、等离子体吸收等。重点介绍了 TGC 用于激光器、光放大器和不同光谱转换器的实验进展。我们还预计 TGC 会找到新的应用，对 TGC 的研究将解开晶体形成的机制，从而导致发现新的 TGC 系统。等离子吸收等。重点介绍了将 TGC 用于激光器、光放大器和不同光谱转换器的实验进展。我们还预计 TGC 会找到新的应用，对 TGC 的研究将解开晶体形成的机制，从而导致发现新的 TGC 系统。等离子吸收等。重点介绍了将 TGC 用于激光器、光放大器和不同光谱转换器的实验进展。我们还预计 TGC 会找到新的应用，对 TGC 的研究将解开晶体形成的机制，从而导致发现新的 TGC 系统。