As a potential magnetostrictive material, Fe-Al alloys exhibit excellent mechanical properties, low cost, and moderate magnetostriction, but the magnetostriction mechanism is still a mystery. Here, we elucidate the structural origin of magnetostriction in Fe-Al alloys and further improve the magnetostriction five-fold via Tb doping. Nanoinclusions with a size of 3–5 nm were found dispersed in the A2 matrix in Fe82Al18 ribbons. The structure of the nanoinclusions is identified to be tetragonally modified-D03 (L60), which are considered to create the tetragonal distortion of the matrix, leading to the enhanced magnetostriction. Furthermore, a drastic enhancement of the magnetostriction up to 5 times was achieved by trace Tb doping (0.2 at. %). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction directly revealed the increased tetragonal distortion of the matrix caused by these Tb dopants. The results further enrich the heterogeneous magnetostriction and guide the development of magnetostrictive materials.As a potential magnetostrictive material, Fe-Al alloys exhibit excellent mechanical properties, low cost, and moderate magnetostriction, but the magnetostriction mechanism is still a mystery. Here, we elucidate the structural origin of magnetostriction in Fe-Al alloys and further improve the magnetostriction five-fold via Tb doping. Nanoinclusions with a size of 3–5 nm were found dispersed in the A2 matrix in Fe82Al18 ribbons. The structure of the nanoinclusions is identified to be tetragonally modified-D03 (L60), which are considered to create the tetragonal distortion of the matrix, leading to the enhanced magnetostriction. Furthermore, a drastic enhancement of the magnetostriction up to 5 times was achieved by trace Tb doping (0.2 at. %). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction directly revealed the increased tetragonal distortion of the matrix caused by these Tb dopants. The results further enrich the heterogeneous magnetostriction and guide the development of magnetostrictive materials.

中文翻译：

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纳米非均质 Fe-Al 合金中的巨磁致伸缩

Fe-Al合金作为一种潜在的磁致伸缩材料，表现出优异的机械性能、低成本和适中的磁致伸缩，但其磁致伸缩机制仍是一个谜。在这里，我们阐明了 Fe-Al 合金中磁致伸缩的结构起源，并通过 Tb 掺杂进一步将磁致伸缩提高了五倍。发现尺寸为 3-5 nm 的纳米夹杂物分散在 Fe82Al18 条带中的 A2 基体中。纳米夹杂物的结构被确定为四方改性-D03 (L60)，这被认为会产生基质的四方变形，导致磁致伸缩增强。此外，通过痕量 Tb 掺杂（0.2 原子百分比）实现了磁致伸缩的显着增强，最高可达 5 倍。同步加速器 X 射线衍射直接揭示了由这些 Tb 掺杂剂引起的基体四方畸变的增加。研究结果进一步丰富了异质磁致伸缩，指导了磁致伸缩材料的发展。Fe-Al合金作为一种潜在的磁致伸缩材料，表现出优异的机械性能、低成本和适中的磁致伸缩，但其磁致伸缩机制仍是一个谜。在这里，我们阐明了 Fe-Al 合金中磁致伸缩的结构起源，并通过 Tb 掺杂进一步将磁致伸缩提高了五倍。发现尺寸为 3-5 nm 的纳米夹杂物分散在 Fe82Al18 条带中的 A2 基体中。纳米夹杂物的结构被确定为四方改性-D03（L60），这被认为会造成基体的四方变形，导致磁致伸缩增强。此外，通过痕量 Tb 掺杂（0.2 原子百分比）实现了磁致伸缩的显着增强，最高可达 5 倍。同步加速器 X 射线衍射直接揭示了由这些 Tb 掺杂剂引起的基体四方畸变的增加。研究结果进一步丰富了异质磁致伸缩，指导磁致伸缩材料的发展。