Background

Although pregnancy concentrations of some phenols have been associated with infant size at birth, there is limited data on the effect of preconception exposure.

Objective

We aimed to examine paternal and maternal preconception and maternal prenatal urinary phenol concentrations in relation to birth weight and head circumference.

Methods

We evaluated 346 singletons born to 346 mothers and 184 fathers (184 couples) from a prospective preconception cohort of subfertile couples from the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study in Boston, USA. We used multiple urine samples collected before the index pregnancy in both men and women to estimate mean preconception urinary benzophenone-3, triclosan, butylparaben, propylparaben, methylparaben, or ethylparaben concentrations. We also estimated mean maternal prenatal urinary phenol concentrations by averaging trimester-specific urine samples. Birth weight and head circumference were abstracted from delivery records. We estimated the association of natural log-phenol concentrations with birth outcomes using multivariable linear regression models, adjusting for known confounders.

Results

In adjusted models, each log-unit increase in paternal preconception benzophenone-3 concentration was associated with a 137 g increase in birth weight (95% CI: 60, 214). Additional adjustment for prenatal benzophenone-3 concentration strengthened this association. None of the maternal preconception phenol concentrations were associated with birth weight. However, maternal prenatal triclosan concentrations were associated with a 38 g decrease in birth weight (95% CI: −76, 0). Few associations were observed between phenols and head circumference except for a decrease of 0.27 cm (95% CI: −54, 0) in relation to maternal preconception methylparaben concentration.

Conclusions

Although our findings should be interpreted in light of inherent study limitations, these results suggest potential evidence of associations between some paternal or maternal phenol concentrations and birth size.

中文翻译：

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环境与生殖健康 (EARTH) 研究中母亲和父亲所生的单胎婴儿的孕前和产前尿酚浓度以及出生尺寸

 背景

尽管某些酚类物质的妊娠浓度与婴儿出生时的体型有关，但有关孕前接触的影响的数据有限。

 客观的

我们的目的是检查父亲和母亲的孕前情况以及母亲产前尿酚浓度与出生体重和头围的关系。

 方法

我们评估了来自美国波士顿环境与生殖健康 (EARTH) 研究的前瞻性孕前低生育力夫妇队列中 346 名母亲和 184 名父亲（184 对夫妇）所生的 346 名单胞胎。我们使用在男性和女性首次怀孕前收集的多个尿液样本来估计平均孕前尿液中二苯甲酮-3、三氯生、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸乙酯的浓度。我们还通过平均妊娠期特定尿液样本来估计平均母亲产前尿苯酚浓度。出生体重和头围是从分娩记录中提取的。我们使用多变量线性回归模型估计了天然对数苯酚浓度与出生结果的关联，并调整了已知的混杂因素。

 结果

在调整后的模型中，父亲孕前二苯甲酮 3 浓度每增加一个对数单位，出生体重就会增加 137 克（95% CI：60, 214）。对产前二苯甲酮 3 浓度的额外调整加强了这种关联。母亲孕前苯酚浓度均与出生体重无关。然而，母亲产前三氯生浓度与出生体重减少 38 克相关（95% CI：-76, 0）。除了与母体孕前尼泊金甲酯浓度相关的 0.27 cm 下降 (95% CI: -54, 0) 之外，几乎没有观察到苯酚与头围之间的关联。

 结论

尽管我们的研究结果应该根据固有的研究局限性来解释，但这些结果表明一些父亲或母亲苯酚浓度与出生体重之间存在关联的潜在证据。