Despite its functional importance and well known clinical impact in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the cerebellum has only received significant attention over the past few years. It is now established that the cerebellum plays a key role not only in various sensory-motor networks, but also in cognitive-behavioural processes, domains primarily affected in patients with MS. Evidence from histopathological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on cerebellar involvement in MS is increasingly available, however linking these pathological findings with clinical dysfunction remains challenging. There are promising advances in technology that are likely to improve the detection of pathological changes within the cerebellum, which may elucidate how pathology relates to disability.

尽管在多发性硬化症（MS）中具有重要的功能和众所周知的临床影响，但小脑在过去几年中仅受到了极大的关注。现已确定，小脑不仅在各种感觉运动网络中起着关键作用，而且在认知行为过程中也起着关键作用，而认知行为过程是MS患者主要受影响的领域。组织病理学和磁共振成像（MRI）研究证明小脑受累于MS，但是将这些病理发现与临床功能障碍联系起来仍然具有挑战性。技术上有希望的进步可能会改善对小脑内病理变化的检测，这可能阐明病理与残疾的关系。