Abstract Metal/graphene electrocatalysts have attracted growing attention in recent years due to their high catalyst loadings, good activity, and high stabilities. In this review, we summarize various approaches towards improving the efficiencies of metal/graphene electrocatalysts in terms of both cost and performance, based on optimization of the graphene support and the metal catalyst particles themselves. Thus, four different approaches are examined: (1) increasing the catalyst/support binding energy, (2) inducing additional anchoring and active sites, (3) enlarging the effective catalyst surface areas, and (4) enhancing the intrinsic catalytic activity through modification of the electronic structure. Finally, remarks on necessary future work in this area will be given in the context of producing metal/graphene electrocatalysts better suited to fuel cell applications.

中文翻译：

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用于燃料电池应用的高性能金属/石墨烯电催化剂的设计方法综述

摘要 金属/石墨烯电催化剂由于其高催化剂载量、良好的活性和高稳定性近年来受到越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于石墨烯载体和金属催化剂颗粒本身的优化，在成本和性能方面提高金属/石墨烯电催化剂效率的各种方法。因此，研究了四种不同的方法：（1）增加催化剂/载体结合能，（2）诱导额外的锚定和活性位点，（3）扩大有效催化剂表面积，以及（4）通过改性提高内在催化活性的电子结构。最后，