Neuromodulation of Attention.,Neuron

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Neuromodulation of Attention.
Neuron ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-Feb-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.008
Alexander Thiele ₁ , Mark A Bellgrove ₂

Affiliation

Attention is critical to high-level cognition and attention deficits are a hallmark of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although years of research indicates that distinct neuromodulators influence attentional control, a mechanistic account that traverses levels of analysis (cells, circuits, behavior) is missing. However, such an account is critical to guide the development of next-generation pharmacotherapies aimed at forestalling or remediating the global burden associated with disorders of attention. Here, we summarize current neuroscientific understanding of how attention affects single neurons and networks of neurons. We then review key results that have informed our understanding of how neuromodulation shapes these neuron and network properties and thereby enables the appropriate allocation of attention to relevant external or internal events. Finally, we highlight areas where we believe hypotheses can be formulated and tackled experimentally in the near future, thereby critically increasing our mechanistic understanding of how attention is implemented at the cellular and network levels.

中文翻译：

注意力的神经调节。

注意力对高级认知至关重要，注意力缺陷是神经和神经精神疾病的标志。尽管多年的研究表明不同的神经调节剂会影响注意力控制，但缺少一种跨越分析水平（细胞、电路、行为）的机制解释。然而，这样的解释对于指导旨在预防或缓解与注意力障碍相关的全球负担的下一代药物疗法的开发至关重要。在这里，我们总结了当前对注意力如何影响单个神经元和神经元网络的神经科学理解。然后，我们回顾了关键结果，这些结果使我们了解了神经调节如何塑造这些神经元和网络特性，从而能够将注意力适当地分配到相关的外部或内部事件上。最后，我们强调了我们认为可以在不久的将来通过实验制定和解决假设的领域，从而极大地增加了我们对如何在细胞和网络级别实现注意力的机械理解。

更新日期：2018-02-22

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