Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous multi-signal messengers that support cancer growth and dissemination by mediating the tumor-stroma crosstalk. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs that originate from the limiting membrane of late endosomes, and as such contain information linked to both the intrinsic cell “state” and the extracellular signals cells received from their environment. Resolving the signals affecting exosome biogenesis, cargo sorting and release will increase our understanding of tumorigenesis. In this review we highlight key cell biological processes that couple exosome biogenesis to cargo sorting in cancer cells. Moreover, we discuss how the bidirectional communication between tumor and non-malignant cells affect cancer growth and metastatic behavior.

细胞外囊泡（EVs）是异质的多信号信使，通过介导肿瘤基质间的串扰来支持癌症的生长和扩散。外来体是源自晚期内体的限制膜的EV的亚型，因此包含与固有细胞“状态”和从其环境接收的细胞外信号相关的信息。解决影响外泌体生物发生，货物分类和释放的信号将增加我们对肿瘤发生的理解。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了将外泌体生物发生与癌细胞中的货物分拣耦合的关键细胞生物学过程。此外，我们讨论了肿瘤与非恶性细胞之间的双向通讯如何影响癌症的生长和转移行为。