Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined by classic psychological manifestations, although among the characteristics are significantly increased rates of serious somatic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, immune dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we assess the evidence for disturbances that may contribute to somatic pathology in inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and circulating metabolites (implicating mitochondrial dysfunction) in individuals with PTSD and in animal models simulating features of PTSD. The clinical and preclinical data highlight probable interrelated features of PTSD pathophysiology, including a proinflammatory milieu, metabolomic changes (implicating mitochondrial and other processes), and metabolic dysregulation. These data suggest that PTSD may be a systemic illness, or that it at least has systemic manifestations, and the behavioral manifestations are those most easily discerned. Whether somatic pathology precedes the development of PTSD (and thus may be a risk factor) or follows the development of PTSD (as a result of either shared pathophysiologies or lifestyle adaptations), comorbid PTSD and somatic illness is a potent combination placing affected individuals at increased physical as well as mental health risk. We conclude with directions for future research and novel treatment approaches based on these abnormalities.

中文翻译：

---

创伤后应激障碍的代谢、代谢组学和炎症

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的定义是典型的心理表现，但其特征是严重躯体合并症的发生率显着增加，例如心血管疾病、免疫功能障碍和代谢综合征。在这篇综述中，我们评估了可能导致 PTSD 个体和模拟 PTSD 特征的动物模型中炎症、代谢综合征和循环代谢物（暗示线粒体功能障碍）的躯体病理学紊乱的证据。临床和临床前数据突出了 PTSD 病理生理学可能相互关联的特征，包括促炎环境、代谢组学变化（涉及线粒体和其他过程）和代谢失调。这些数据表明 PTSD 可能是一种全身性疾病，或者说它至少有系统的表现，行为表现是最容易辨别的。无论躯体病理学先于 PTSD 的发展（因此可能是一个风险因素）还是跟随 PTSD 的发展（由于共同的病理生理学或生活方式适应），合并症 PTSD 和躯体疾病是一种有效的组合，使受影响的个体处于身体和心理健康风险。我们总结了基于这些异常的未来研究方向和新的治疗方法。合并 PTSD 和躯体疾病是一种有效的组合，使受影响的个体面临更高的身体和心理健康风险。我们总结了基于这些异常的未来研究方向和新的治疗方法。合并 PTSD 和躯体疾病是一种有效的组合，使受影响的个体面临更高的身体和心理健康风险。我们总结了基于这些异常的未来研究方向和新的治疗方法。